Attenuated coronary flow Adaptive antimicrobial materials and vascular circulatioh in patients with Quervetin and left ventricular hypertrophy. Quercetin and blood circulation Y, Blopd RS. View comments. Quwrcetin a review Quercetin and blood circulation probable mechanisms of action and potential applications. It goes without saying that oxidative stress plays a critical role in endothelial dysfunction, and, as we will next, in stress-induced senescence. Endothelin-1 impairs nitric oxide signaling in endothelial cells through a protein kinase Cdelta-dependent activation of STAT3 and decreased endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression.

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Nattokinase Benefits They Want Hidden - Spike? Plaque? Cholesterol? What Dose? (Study Confirmed) The vascular endothelium occupies Querctein catalog of functions that contribute to the Weight management products of the Quercetin and blood circulation system. Icrculation is a physically active barrier between circuation Quercetin and blood circulation and circualtion, a Hypertension and diet soda of the vascular tone, a biochemical processor and a modulator of coagulation, inflammation, and immunity. Given these essential roles, it comes to no surprise that endothelial dysfunction is prodromal to chronic age-related diseases of the heart and arteries, globally termed cardiovascular diseases CVD. An example would be ischemic heart disease IHDwhich is the main cause of death from CVD. We have made phenomenal advances in treating CVD, but the aging endothelium, as it senesces, always seems to out-run the benefits of medical and surgical therapies.

Quercetin and blood circulation -

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Preventive effects of quercetin against the onset of atherosclerosis-related acute aortic syndromes in mice. Zhang LL, Zhang HT, Cai YQ, Han YJ, Yao F, Yuan ZH, et al. Anti-inflammatory effect of mesenchymal stromal cell transplantation and quercetin treatment in a rat model of experimental cerebral ischemia.

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The effect of quercetin on plasma oxidative status, C-reactive protein and blood pressure in women with rheumatoid arthritis. Heinz SA, Henson DA, Nieman DC, Austin MD, Jin F. A week supplementation with quercetin does not affect natural killer cell activity, granulocyte oxidative burst activity or granulocyte phagocytosis in female human subjects.

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Cardioprotective actions of two bioflavonoids, quercetin and rutin, in experimental myocardial infarction in both normal and streptozotocin-induced type I diabetic rats. Yu H, Zhang H, Zhao W, Guo L, Li X, Li Y, et al. Cell Physiol Biochem. Kong Q, Dai L, Wang Y, Zhang X, Li C, Jiang S, et al.

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Quercetin-supplemented diets lower blood pressure and attenuate cardiac hypertrophy in rats with aortic constriction. More studies are needed to show whether taking a quercetin supplement will have the same effect.

Studies show that quercetin supplementation reduces blood pressure in people who have hypertension. Two small studies suggested that people with interstitial cystitis might benefit from consuming flavonoids. People with this condition have bladder pain similar to that from a bladder infection, and often experience an urgent need to urinate.

In both studies, those who took a supplement containing quercetin appeared to have fewer symptoms. However, the studies included other flavonoids. So it is not known which flavonoid offers the most benefits.

More and better designed studies are needed. Preliminary evidence indicates that quercetin might reduce symptoms of prostatitis, or inflammation of the prostate. One small study found that men who took quercetin experienced fewer symptoms than men who took placebo.

More research is needed. There are reports of people with RA who had fewer symptoms when they switched from a typical Western diet to a vegan diet with lots of uncooked berries, fruits, vegetables, nuts, roots, seeds, and sprouts containing quercetin and other antioxidants.

But there is no evidence that the positive effects were due directly to antioxidants, and no evidence that quercetin supplements help treat RA.

Scientists have long considered quercetin, and other flavonoids contained in fruits and vegetables, important in cancer prevention. People who eat more fruits and vegetables tend to have lower risk of certain types of cancer. Animal and test tube studies suggest that flavonoids have anti-cancer properties.

Quercetin and other flavonoids have been shown in these studies to inhibit the growth of cancer cells from breast, colon, prostate, ovarian, endometrial, and lung tumors. One study even suggests that quercetin is more effective than resveratrol in terms of inhibiting tumor growth.

Another found that frequent intake of quercetin-rich foods was associated with lower lung cancer risk. The association was even stronger among subjects who smoked more than 20 cigarettes daily, and a third suggests that quercetin slows tumor growth in the laboratory in leukemia cells.

Fruits and vegetables are the primary dietary sources of quercetin, particularly citrus fruits, apples, onions, parsley, sage, tea, and red wine. Olive oil, grapes, dark cherries, and dark berries such as blueberries, blackberries, and bilberries are also high in quercetin and other flavonoids.

Quercetin supplements are available as pills or capsules. They are often packaged with bromelain an enzyme found in pineapple because both are anti-inflammatories.

Other flavonoid-rich extracts include those from grapeseed, bilberry, Ginkgo biloba , and green tea. There are also water-soluble forms of quercetin available, such as hesperidin-methyl-chalcone HMC or quercetin-chalcone.

Quercetin is generally considered safe. Side effects may include headache and upset stomach. Preliminary evidence suggests that a byproduct of quercetin can lead to a loss of protein function. Very high doses of quercetin may damage the kidneys. You should take periodic breaks from taking quercetin.

If you are being treated with any of the following medications, you should not use quercetin supplements without talking to your health care provider first. There is some concern that quercetin may reduce the effectiveness of certain antibiotics.

Speak with your doctor. Quercetin may enhance the effect of these drugs, increasing your risk for bleeding. Anticoagulants include:.

Test tube and animal studies suggest that quercetin may enhance the effects of doxorubicin and cisplatin, which are two chemotherapy medications used to treat cancer.

In addition, some doctors believe taking antioxidants at the same time as chemotherapy can be harmful, while others believe it can be helpful. In one study, combining quercetin with the anti-tumor drug doxorubicin, increased the drug's beneficial effects on breast cancer cells.

In another, taking quercetin alongside cisplatin reduced the medicines' therapeutic effects in ovarian cancer cells. Talk to your oncologist before taking any supplements if you are undergoing chemotherapy. Quercetin may interfere with the body's absorption of this drug, which is used to suppress the immune system.

Since quercetin affects the liver, concomitant use with medications that are changed by the liver may alter how the body metabolizes these medications. Speak with your physician. Boots AW, Haenen GR, Bast A.

Health effects of quercetin: from antioxidant to nutraceutical. Eur J Pharmacol. Boots AW, Li H, Schins RP, Duffin R, Heemskerk JW, Bast A, Haenen GR. The quercetin paradox. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. Cai J, Nelson KC, Wu M, Sternberg P Jr, Jones DP. Oxidative damage and protection of the RPE. Prog Retin Eye Res.

Chan MM, Mattiacci JA, Hwang HS, Shah A, Fong D. Synergy between ethanol and grape polyphenols, quercetin, and resveratrol, in the inhibition of the inducible nitric oxide synthase pathway.

Bio Pharm. Chuang CC, Martinez K, Xie G, et al. Quercetin is equally or more effective than resveratrol in attenuating tumor necrosis factor-{alpha}-mediated inflammation and insulin resistance in primary human adipocytes. Am J Clin Nutr. Predefined subgroup analyses and meta-regression analyses were carried out to investigate the potential moderating factors in the trials.

The type of intervention, dosage of quercetin, trial duration, and study design were assessed for the subgroup analysis. Funnel plots, Begg rank correlation, and Egger weighted regression statistics were used to assess publication bias.

Two-tailed P values were used, with statistical significance conferred if the P value was less than 0. The initial search identified papers for screening, of which were removed because of duplication or after title and abstract screening.

Finally, a total of 17 studies 19 treatment arms with participants met the objectives and were included in the current meta-analysis. Table 2 14—18 , 24—35 summarizes the characteristics of the included studies. Studies were published from to and were conducted in 6 different countries: Iran, the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, Italy, and Korea.

There were between 10 and 93 participants in each trial. A total of individuals were randomly assigned in these trials. Six trials were conducted exclusively in women, 4 were conducted exclusively in men, 6 were conducted in both sexes, and 1 trial did not specify the sex of the population.

The average age of participants in each trial ranged between Six trials used quercetin-rich onion peel extract capsules, and 11 used quercetin capsules or tablets. All trials were randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trials, with Participants in these trials had rheumatoid arthritis, hypertension, prehypertension, prehyperuricemia, polycystic ovary syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, or obesity or were overweight with a high risk of CVD.

Healthy adults were also included in the studies in this review. Abbreviations : C, crossover; CVD, cardiovascular disease; DB, double-blind; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FBG, fasting blood glucose; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LM, lactose monohydrate; NA, not applicable; OPE, onion peel extract; P, parallel; PC, placebo-controlled; PCOS, polycystic ovary syndrome; R, randomized; RA, rheumatoid arthritis; SBP, systolic blood pressure; TC, total cholesterol; TGs, triglycerides; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus.

A summary of the risk-of-bias assessment, which was based on different domains of quality, is provided in Figure S1 in the Supporting Information online. In the 17 studies included, participants were randomly divided into intervention and control groups.

However, a majority of studies failed to report sufficient data about methods of allocation concealment and random sequence generation. All studies reported details of withdrawals. After assessment, risk of bias was judged to be low in 7 trials and unclear in Plasma levels of lipids were assessed in 12 of the included studies.

Figure 2 , a forest plot, shows the overall effects of quercetin consumption on lipid parameters. Quercetin did not markedly influence total cholesterol WMD, 0. Pooled effect estimates remained similar across all studies for total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, and TGs in leave-one-out sensitivity analyses see Figure S2 in the Supporting Information online.

Forest plots summarizing the meta-analysis of trials investigating the effect of quercetin on BP levels can be seen in Figure 3. Similarly, the impact of quercetin consumption on fasting blood glucose levels was assessed in 12 treatment arms. The robustness of results was confirmed by performing further sensitivity analyses.

Effect sizes were calculated for the effects of quercetin on BP and glucose and were robust in traditional sensitivity analyses. The findings of subgroup analyses are shown in Table S1 in the Supporting Information online. The total cholesterol, LDL-C, and fasting blood glucose concentrations from all subgroup analyses were in agreement with the values found in the combined analysis.

The adverse effects of quercetin consumption reported in the included trials were summarized. Some adverse events reported to be associated with long-term supplementation of quercetin were liver and kidney toxicity. In the present meta-analysis, oral quercetin administration was found to be well tolerated and generally safe in all included trials.

There were no observed adverse effects related to placebo or quercetin treatment during the follow-up period. Table S2 in the Supporting Information online shows the GRADE Grading of Recommendations, Assessments, Development and Evaluations evidence profiles of the overall strength of evidence for the change in lipids, BP, and glucose following supplementation with quercetin.

The evidence available for total cholesterol, LDL-C, TGs, SBP, and fasting blood glucose was graded as high quality; the evidence for HDL-C and insulin as moderate quality; and the evidence for HOMA-IR and DBP as low quality.

Funnel plots revealed no obvious publication bias Figure 4. The results of the Egger and Begg tests are listed in Table 3. Abbreviations : CI, confidence interval; df, degrees of freedom; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FBG, fasting blood glucose; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; SBP, systolic blood pressure; TC, total cholesterol; TGs, triglycerides.

Cardiovascular events are influenced by a number of modifiable risk factors, such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes. The effects of these risk factors on the incidence of CVD rises with progressively higher levels of glucose, LDL-C, and BP.

Accumulating evidence indicates that quercetin possesses protective anti-inflammatory as well as antioxidant effects and may be useful in treating a myriad of chronic conditions.

The purpose of the present review was to determine whether quercetin supplementation has the potential to be used as an adjuvant therapy for CVD by improving blood lipid profiles, BP, and glucose levels.

A total of 17 trials involving individuals were suitable for statistical pooling. The main conclusion was that dietary intake of quercetin significantly lowered BP. However, the current analyses failed to detect significant changes in glucose or lipid profiles between the quercetin and placebo groups.

Sensitivity analyses revealed that the pooled result was robust and free of significant publication bias. Additionally, the effect estimates for total cholesterol, LDL-C, and glucose concentrations were not modified by the quercetin dose, the study design, the intervention type, or the duration of follow-up.

Quercetin was not found to cause serious adverse events in any of the included studies. Several meta-analyses quantifying the effects of quercetin on lipids, BP, glucose, or insulin have been published. A previous meta-analysis by Sahebkar, 36 which included study participants across 5 RCTs, indicated that quercetin supplementation did not have a notably favorable effect on plasma lipids.

These findings seem to contradict the results of the aforementioned study. Another meta-analysis of 7 trials with 9 treatment arms analyzed the effects of quercetin supplementation on BP in humans.

A recent meta-analysis demonstrated that quercetin supplementation did not affect fasting plasma glucose, HOMA-IR, or hemoglobin A 1c in patients with metabolic syndrome or related disorders. Compared with previous studies, 36—38 the current meta-analysis has the several strengths.

First, as the most recent and the most comprehensive meta-analysis, it generally redefines and reinforces the results of previous meta-analyses. A robust search strategy was employed, which resulted in the inclusion of 10 recently published placebo-controlled, double-blinded, randomized clinical trials, boosting the power of this meta-analysis.

Second, in order to provide more objective and accurate data as well as to differentiate between the effects of different clinical parameters on the efficacy of treatment, several subgroup analyses based on parameters such as study design, quercetin dosage, type of intervention, and duration of intervention were performed.

This helped overcome the weakness and inconsistency of evidence showing associations between the dose of quercetin and the duration of intervention, an effect that may be partially attributed to lenient inclusion criteria.

Moreover, the GRADE criteria were used to rate the strength of the overall body of evidence. Dyslipidemia is the primary risk factor for stroke and atherosclerotic CVD. Strategies for both primary and secondary prevention of CVD include reduction of total cholesterol and LDL-C.

In comparison with the previous meta-analysis, 36 the current meta-analysis offers further insight that may guide future research. Epidemiological evidence shows that raised HDL-C concentrations correlate inversely with CVD risk. An increase in HDL-C concentration by 0. Hypertension is a well-known risk factor for various CVDs, including coronary artery disease, stroke, and heart failure.

The findings of this meta-analysis mirrored those obtained by Serban et al, 37 who reported that quercetin supplementation significantly lowered both SBP and DBP. The favorable effects of quercetin on BP found in the current investigation support the use of quercetin as an adjunctive therapy in patients with hypertension.

These beneficial effects differed significantly, depending on the formulation and dosage of quercetin as well as the duration of treatment.

There are several potential mechanisms by which quercetin may reduce BP. Some researchers have proposed mechanisms that include alteration of the renin-angiotensin system and the autonomic nervous system, sensitization of the parasympathetic component of the baroreflex, and decreases in blood vessel resistance and compliance.

Lower glucose levels have a significant influence on the treatment and prevention of CVD, thereby highlighting the role of aggressive glycemic control in diabetic cohorts.

The US Food and Drug Administration recognizes fasting plasma glucose levels to be a significant factor in diagnosing diabetes and an important parameter when evaluating the antiglycemic effects of drugs and dietary supplements.

In the present meta-analysis, the evidence suggests there are no statistically significant effects of dietary quercetin supplementation on fasting blood glucose, HOMA-IR, or insulin.

The effect of quercetin on hemoglobin A 1c , a marker of long-term glycemic control, could not be fully determined because the evidence from the current pool of studies was not of sufficient quality. Further large-scale studies to investigate the impact of quercetin on blood glucose management, insulin sensitivity, and insulin levels are needed.

Fundamental goals in preventing CVD include determining the optimal time to begin treatment of modifiable risk factors and defining the ideal treatment outcomes.

Future research should focus on aggressive and effective management of both novel and known CVD risk factors, including as chronic stress, low socioeconomic status, and sleep disorders. Research focused on the various food sources of quercetin, the optimal dosage of quercetin, the ideal frequency and duration of quercetin administration, and the biological mechanisms underlying the cardioprotective effect of quercetin-rich diets is also needed.

Quercetin seems to be effective in lowering BP, which highlights the need for further trials, both to scrutinize the impact of long-term quercetin intake on BP and to identify any potential adverse effects.

The present study has several limitations. First, a majority of the included trials analyzed relatively heterogenous populations ie, healthy participants as well as those with type 2 diabetes, obesity, or hypertension in terms of inherent risk of CVD.

Second, although no significant publication bias was detected, there was a high degree of between-study heterogeneity that was not completely resolved by numerous subgroup and sensitivity analyses. The sources of the heterogeneity can most likely be ascribed to differences in study design, target populations, and characteristics of study participants eg, age, sex, and baseline body mass index.

Regardless of the cause, pooled multivariate estimates were managed using a random-effects model, which reduced bias to some extent.

Third, the pooled result was obtained with unadjusted estimates Bonferroni correction , which prevented the exclusion of confounders that may have influenced the relationship between quercetin and serum lipids, BP, or blood glucose levels eg, other lifestyle interventions, alcohol consumption, and smoking habits.

Finally, the present findings may be limited by methodological flaws of the included trials. Publication bias of the overall analysis cannot be completely excluded, even though it was evaluated with a funnel plot. The results of this meta-analysis indicate that quercetin has the ability to lower BP without causing any significant adverse effects and may have the ability to significantly reduce TGs.

Quercetin consumption may be an effective dietary modality to reduce CVD risk in humans. Further robust trials are needed to test the effects of long-term quercetin supplementation on CVD-related morbidity and events.

Author contributions. conceived and designed the study, acquired the data, analyzed and interpreted the data, drafted the manuscript, discussed the idea of the meta-analysis, and submitted the manuscript for publication.

and R. completed the database searches, selected and reviewed the articles, and extracted the data. conceived and designed the study, reviewed and extracted the data, and performed the data analyses.

All authors read and approved the final manuscript. This work was supported by a grant from the Traditional Medicine Research Program of Guangdong Province No.

Declaration of interest. The authors have no relevant interests to declare. Abbreviations : HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides. Roger VL , Go AS , Lloyd-Jones DM , et al.

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