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Anti-viral properties

Anti-viral properties

It Anti-viral properties being used Angi-viral commercial products, like nanocomposites Anti-viral properties electronics. Food Saf. USFWS Considers Restoring Grizzly Bears to Bitterroot Ecosystem in Idaho and Montana biden administration. Here is where viral replication takes place. Wei, P.

Anti-viral properties -

HIV-1 was severely impaired once treated with Lamiaceae extracts from the mint plant family. The antiviral activity of sage is linked with safficinolide and sage one which are found in the stem and leaves of the plant, according to a analysis of the pharmacological properties of sage. These findings were published in the Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine.

Oregano is also a plant with antiviral properties, thanks to the chemical compound carvacrol that belongs to the mint family. Both oregano oil and carvacrol decreased the activity of murine norovirus MNV within 15 minutes of exposure to the virus. MNV is extremely contagious and a main cause of stomach flu.

These results were published in the Journal of Applied Microbiology in Oregano oil and carvacrol also reveal antiviral activity when it comes to the herpes simplex virus type-1 HSV-1 , respiratory syncytial virus RSV and rotavirus.

The findings were published in the Brazilian Journal of Microbiology in Fennel is a member of the carrot family that tastes like licorice. Studies show it demonstrates antiviral activity against certain viruses.

A test-tube study revealed that fennel extract presents potent antiviral activity against parainfluenza type 3 PI-3 and herpes viruses.

PI-3 contributes to respiratory infections in cattle. The findings were published in Biomedical Research International. Fennel essential oil contains the chemical constituent trans-anethole, which also presents antiviral effects against herpes , according to an article published in Evidenced-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine in The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology reports animal research conducted in demonstrates the potential of fennel to decrease inflammation and boost the immune system, thereby fighting off viral infections.

Garlic is a member of the Allium family and related to shallots, chives, leeks and onions. An older study published in the International Journal of Dermatology analyzed the efficacy of garlic extract applied to warts caused by human papillomavirus HPV twice daily.

All 23 participants found that their warts were eliminated in just one to two weeks. A review on the therapeutic effects of garlic conducted in suggests that garlic presents antiviral activity against viral pneumonia , influenza A and B, HIV, HSV-1 and rhinovirus.

The results were published in Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine. Garlic also contains anti-inflammatory compounds that stimulate an immune system response which could protect the body against viral infections, according to findings published in the Journal of Immunology Research.

However, these results were based on animal and test-tube studies, not human trials. Lemon balm is a part of the mint family known for its lemony zest and taste. It also contains potent medicinal qualities, including plant compounds that benefit the body through antiviral activity.

These compounds have shown efficacy against the influenza A virus , according to findings published in Virusdisease. HIV: cell binding and entry. Cold Spring Harbor Perspect. De Clercq, E. Novel approaches towards anti-HIV chemotherapy. Library 29 , 91— Sezer, A.

in Active Implants and Scaffolds for Tissue Regeneration Ed Zilberman, M. Malmsten, M. Antimicrobial and antiviral hydrogels. Soft Matter 7 , — Wahid, F. Polymers 9 , Spoden, G. Polyethylenimine is a strong inhibitor of human papillomavirus and cytomegalovirus infection.

Agents Chemotherapy 56 , 75—82 Haldar, J. Polymeric coatings that inactivate both influenza virus and pathogenic bacteria. Shows how PEI painted coated surfaces, in addition to being extremely bactericidal, reduce the amount of influenza A and shows the relationship between the viricidal activity and the coating polymer structure.

Mecke, A. Synthetic and natural polycationic polymer nanoparticles interact selectively with fluid-phase domains of DMPC lipid bilayers. Langmuir 21 , — Wang, Y. Cationic phenylene ethynylene polymers and oligomers exhibit efficient antiviral activity.

ACS Appl. Interfaces 3 , — Allam, A. Bajaj, H. Design and development of nevirapine loaded surfactant free chitosan microemulsion. Acta Pol. Calderon, L. Nano and microparticulate chitosan-based systems for antiviral topical delivery. Canepa, C.

Development of a drug delivery system based on chitosan nanoparticles for oral administration of interferon-alpha.

Biomacromolecules 18 , — Preparation, application and testing of permanent antibacterial and antiviral coatings. Park, D. One-step, painting-like coating procedures to make surfaces highly and permanently bactericidal.

Biotechnol Prog 22 , — Larson, A. Decreasing herpes simplex viral infectivity in solution by surface-immobilized and suspended N,N-dodecyl,methyl-polyethylenimine. Klibanov, A. Permanently microbicidal materials coatings.

Lewis, K. Surpassing nature: rational design of sterile-surface materials. Trends Biotechnol. Peddinti, B. Inherently self-sterilizing charged multiblock polymers that kill drug-resistant microbes in minutes.

Horizons 6 , — Photodynamic polymers as comprehensive anti-infective materials: staying ahead of a growing global threat. Interfaces 10 , — Explains effect of photodynamic polymer material processing parameters on surface specificity of microbial inactivation, the time dependence of pathogen survival at different light intensity levels and the thermal stability of Zn enriched photodynamic polymer.

Ji, E. Light and dark-activated biocidal activity of conjugated polyelectrolytes. Chemburu, S. Light-induced biocidal action of conjugated polyelectrolytes supported on colloids. Langmuir 24 , — Dark antimicrobial mechanisms of cationic phenylene ethynylene polymers and oligomers against Escherichia coli.

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Wound Care 3 , 89—91 Saarai, A. Caló, E. Biomedical applications of hydrogels: a review of patents and commercial products. Thormar, H. Hydrogels containing monocaprin have potent microbicidal activities against sexually transmitted viruses and bacteria in vitro.

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Catalysis B: Environ. Zazakowny, K. B , — Ulu, A. Ma, W. Interfaces 11 , — Fu, L. Multifunctional cellulose-based hydrogels for biomedical applications. B 7 , — Syed Khadar, Y. Synthesis, characterization and antibacterial activity of cobalt doped cerium oxide CeO 2 :Co nanoparticles by using hydrothermal method.

Tao, X. Bifunctional material with organic pollutant removing and antimicrobial properties: graphene aerogel decorated with highly dispersed Ag and CeO 2 nanoparticles. ACS Sustainable Chem. Huang, T. Polymeric Antimicrobial food packaging and its applications.

Polymers 11 , Mellegard, H. Antibacterial activity of chemically defined chitosans: influence of molecular weight, degree of acetylation and test organism.

Food Microbiol. Chadha, R. Ndeboko, B. Therapeutic potential of cell penetrating peptides CPPs and cationic polymers for chronic hepatitis B. Zivanovic, S. In Handbook of Natural Antimicrobials for Food Safety and Quality.

Taylor, T. Ai, H. Antioxidant, antifungal and antiviral activities of chitosan from the larvae of housefly, Musca domestica L. Food Chem.

Shows the efficacy of chitosan extracted from the housefly for a wide spectrum of activities including antiviral properties.

Davis, R. Enteric viral surrogate reduction by chitosan. Gao, Y. The inhibitory effects and mechanisms of 3,6-O-sulfated chitosan against human papillomavirus infection.

Li, X. Carbohydrate-functionalized chitosan fiber for influenza virus capture. Biomacromolecules 12 , — Guo, Y. Novel combined biological antiviral agents Cytosinpeptidemycin and Chitosan oligosaccharide induced host resistance and changed movement protein subcellular localization of tobacco mosaic virus.

Pestic Biochem. Davydova, V. Chitosan antiviral activity: dependence on structure and depolymerization method. Ponce, N. Fucoidans from the brown seaweed Adenocystis utricularis: extraction methods, antiviral activity and structural studies.

Shows that fucoidan extracted from seaweed has efficacy as an antiviral agent. Sidwell, R. Influenza virus-inhibitory effects of intraperitoneally and aerosol-administered SP, a plant flavonoid.

Chemotherapy 40 , 42—50 Ubillas, R. SP, an antiviral oligomeric proanthocyanidin from the latex of Croton lechleri Sangre de Drago. Phytomedicine 1 , 77— Barnard, D. Antiherpesvirus activity and mode of action of SP, a novel plant flavonoid.

Chemotherapy 39 , — Wyde, P. The antiviral activity of SP, a natural polyphenolic polymer, against respiratory syncytial and parainfluenza type 3 viruses in cotton rats.

Hidari, K. Chemoenzymatic synthesis, characterization, and application of glycopolymers carrying lactosamine repeats as entry inhibitors against influenza virus infection.

Glycobiology 18 , — Lieleg, O. Mucin biopolymers as broad-spectrum antiviral agents. Biomacromolecules 13 , — Highlights mucin biopolymers possessing antiviral properties. de la Fuente-Núñez, C. Antimicrobial peptides: role in human disease and potential as immunotherapies.

Therapeutics , — Agier, J. Cathelicidin impact on inflammatory cells. Central Eur. Wang, G. APD3: the antimicrobial peptide database as a tool for research and education. Nucleic Acids Res. Costa, F. Covalent immobilization of antimicrobial peptides AMPs onto biomaterial surfaces.

Acta Biomaterialia 7 , — Mishra, B. Titanium surfaces immobilized with the major antimicrobial fragment FK of human cathelicidin LL are potent against multiple antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

Biofouling 33 , — Yasir, M. Mechanism of action of surface immobilized antimicrobial peptides against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Yu, Y. Engineered human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptides inhibit Ebola virus. iScience 23 , Barlow, P. Antiviral activity and increased host defense against influenza infection elicited by the human cathelicidin LL PLoS ONE 6 , e—e Shows that cathelicidin LL possesse antiviral activity.

Currie, S. Cathelicidins have direct antiviral activity against respiratory syncytial virus in vitro and protective function in vivo in mice and humans.

He, M. Cathelicidin-derived antimicrobial peptides inhibit Zika virus through direct inactivation and interferon pathway. Klotman, M.

Defensins in innate antiviral immunity. Provides a comprehensive insight into the role of defensins in innate antiviral immunity.

Ding, J. Defensins in viral infections. Innate Immunity 1 , — Holly, M. Defensins in viral infection and pathogenesis. Daher, K.

Direct inactivation of viruses by human granulocyte defensins. Ikeda, M. Characterization of antiviral activity of lactoferrin against hepatitis C virus infection in human cultured cells.

McCann, K. The effect of bovine lactoferrin and lactoferricin B on the ability of feline calicivirus a norovirus surrogate and poliovirus to infect cell cultures.

Superti, F. Antirotaviral activity of milk proteins: lactoferrin prevents rotavirus infection in the enterocyte-like cell line HT Lang, J. Inhibition of SARS pseudovirus cell entry by lactoferrin binding to heparan sulfate proteoglycans. PLoS ONE 6 , e Shows the mechanism of action of lacteoferrin binding proteoglycans in the inhibition of SARS pseudovirus.

van der Strate, B. Antiviral activities of lactoferrin. Antiviral Res. Walker, A. Hepcidin: what every gastroenterologist should know.

Gut 53 , — Armitage, A. Distinct patterns of hepcidin and iron regulation during HIV-1, HBV, and HCV infections. Wang, X. The effect of hepatitis B virus infection on hepcidin expression in hepatitis B patients. Rajanbabu, V. Antiviral function of tilapia hepcidin 1—5 and its modulation of immune-related gene expressions against infectious pancreatic necrosis virus IPNV in Chinook salmon embryo CHSE cells.

Fish Shellfish Immunol. Zhang, J. Biomaterials 34 , — Liver-targeted antiviral peptide nanocomplexes as potential anti-HCV therapeutics. Biomaterials 70 , 37—47 Jackman, J. Therapeutic treatment of Zika virus infection using a brain-penetrating antiviral peptide. Camargos, V.

In-depth characterization of congenital Zika syndrome in immunocompetent mice: antibody-dependent enhancement and an antiviral peptide therapy. EBioMedicine 44 , — Ferrari, A. Science and technology roadmap for graphene, related two-dimensional crystals, and hybrid systems.

Nanoscale 7 , — Legge, E. Physicochemical characterisation of reduced graphene oxide for conductive thin films. RSC Adv. Ye, S. Antiviral activity of graphene oxide: how sharp edged structure and charge matter. Interfaces 7 , — Shows how graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide can be used as an antiviral agent against a DNA and RNA virus via structural destruction prior to viral entry.

Ziem, B. Polyvalent 2D entry inhibitors for pseudorabies and African swine fever virus. Elazzazy, A. In vitro assessment of activity of graphene silver composite sheets against multidrug-resistant bacteria and Tomato Bushy Stunt Virus.

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ACS Nano 12 , — Ruiz, O. Graphene oxide: a nonspecific enhancer of cellular growth. ACS Nano 5 , — Pandit, S. Vertically aligned graphene coating is bactericidal and prevents the formation of bacterial biofilms.

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Bae, S. Roll-to-roll production of inch graphene films for transparent electrodes. Park, S. Inactivation of influenza A virus via exposure to silver nanoparticle-decorated silica hybrid composites. Martínez-Abad, A. Evaluation of silver-infused polylactide films for inactivation of Salmonella and feline calicivirus in vitro and on fresh-cut vegetables.

Mori, Y. Nanoscale Res. Shows the efficacy of a composite material development for antiviral properties. Nguyen, V. Tyo, K. Sustained-release Griffithsin nanoparticle-fiber composites against HIV-1 and HSV-2 infections. Control Release , 84—99 Monmaturapoj, N. Antiviral activity of multifunctional composite based on TiO 2 -modified hydroxyapatite.

C Mater. Amirkhanov, R. Composites of peptide nucleic acids with titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Bioorg Khim 41 , — Grover, N. Perhydrolase-nanotube paint composites with sporicidal and antiviral activity.

Randazzo, W. Polymers and biopolymers with antiviral activity: potential applications for improving food safety. Food Sci. Food Saf. Cowling, B. Face masks to prevent transmission of influenza virus: a systematic review.

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PLoS ONE 5 , e—e Zhong, H. Reusable and recyclable graphene masks with outstanding superhydrophobic and photothermal performances. Shows surgical masks coated with few layer graphene through a laser manufacturing process could make masks self-sterilized and reusable.

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Synthesis and application of silver nanoparticles Ag NPs for the prevention of infection in healthcare workers. Dolina, J.

Characterisation of morphological, antimicrobial and leaching properties of in situ prepared polyurethane nanofibres doped with silver behenate. Zodrow, K. Polysulfone ultrafiltration membranes impregnated with silver nanoparticles show improved biofouling resistance and virus removal.

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Reactivity and antimicrobial properties of nanostructured titanium dioxide. Today , — Pollini, M. Antibacterial natural leather for application in the public transport system. One study looked at the effects of spirulina on three predominant types of influenza 9. Considerable evidence suggests that after one hour, the blue algae inhibited virus replication.

Many of the antiviral benefits of spirulina are attributed to its high levels of cyanovirin-N. This protein has shown promise in slowing down the progression of HIV to AIDS This plant-based food is also a great source of Vitamin E.

Vitamin E not only helps fight off free radicals but it helps convert our food to energy. So, by consuming Vitamin E, we can cut down the inflammatory-causing fat tissues that might cause an adverse immune response. This preventative measure makes our body less susceptible to viral replication.

If you give a shiitake about your health, you should give shiitake mushrooms a try. In fact, shittake mushrooms are so popular that many health food stores sell it in organic teas! Shiitake mushrooms are teeming with beta-glucans. These are sugars that have antiviral capabilities. In fact, hospitals administer beta-glucans via an IV to prevent infection post-surgery One study on the antiviral benefits of shiitake mushrooms found that these foods had a positive impact on the immune system.

Researchers stated that compounds in shiitake mushrooms increased secretory immunoglobulin A sIgA in the body They noted that this action improved gut motility, which would help with many gastro problems.

sIgA is an antibody. It plays a significant role in protecting the cell membrane. As we mentioned, viruses like to use the cells as hosts so they can carry out their agenda.

Eating antiviral foods rich in sIgA can help prevent that attack. We are big proponents of drinking tea in a healthy gut diet plan. Green tea is one of the many reasons why tea time is always on our agenda. Our tasty brew is enriched with catechins.

In particular, green tea has an abundance of epigallocatechin gallate EGCG. Furthermore, EGCG and ECG inhibited the activity of viral RNA ribonucleic acid , which suppressed virus propagation Suffice to say, if you are showing some symptoms of the flu, get the tea flowing.

Add some star anise to your green tea. If not, try the next item on our list of top antiviral foods. Elderberries are finally getting the credit they deserve in the world of flu prevention. These things got more Vitamin C than the ever-popular orange!

Compounds in this superfruit bind onto the little spikes found on virus proteins. As a result, these viruses are unable to leech onto healthy cells and overtake the system. One study administered treatment to 60 influenza patients Half received elderberry syrup, while the other group had a placebo.

Those who consumed elderberry felt better on an average of four days sooner than their counterparts. It should be noted that elderberries are one of the best foods for flu and preventative measures against viral attacks. In fact, many Vitamin C supplements contain elderberry.

However, if you have COVID, Dr. Weil suggests to stop using this immune booster. He noted that cases of the coronavirus may experience an adverse immune response from elderberry.

One of the best antiviral foods is probiotics. Probiotics in yogurt help set up our gut to be the first line of defense against viral infection. Many healthy adults start their day off right with a yummy yogurt bowl.

For extra gut-healing power, make sure you get yogurt fortified with Vitamin D. May people have low levels of Vitamin D3, which is essential for many metabolic functions that support our immune system.

Speaking of, add in some berries for free radical protection.

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