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This page has been produced in consultation with and approved by:. Hypertension, or high blood pressure, can increase your risk of heart attack, kidney failure and stroke. Diabetes and the build-up of glucose sugar in the blood can cause serious complications if left untreated.
Good foot care and regular check-ups can help people with diabetes avoid foot problems. Gestational diabetes is diabetes that occurs during pregnancy and usually disappears when the pregnancy is over. Many parents worry when their child with diabetes starts or returns to school.
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Skip to main content. Home Diabetes. Diabetes and exercise. Actions for this page Listen Print. Summary Read the full fact sheet. On this page. Benefits of exercise Diabetes — precautions to take before starting an exercise program Diabetes, exercise and foot care Diabetes, exercise and blood glucose levels Diabetes, exercise and ketoacidosis Diabetes complications and exercise Where to get help.
The guidelines recommend the following physical activity: Children — 3 hours of various physical activities each day, including energetic play such as crawling, walking, jumping, dancing. Adults 17 — 64 years — 2. Older adults 64 years and over — 30 minutes of moderate intensity physical activity on most days such as walking, shopping, gardening.
None of these activities need to be done all at once. Several shorter sessions can add up over the day. Exercise helps to: improve mood and sleep improve muscle strength and bone mass lower blood glucose levels BGLs lower cholesterol and blood pressure improve heart and blood vessel health maintain or achieve your healthiest body weight reduce stress and tension improve mental health If you are at risk of type 2 diabetesexercise can be part of a healthy lifestyle that can help to reduce this risk.
Diabetes — precautions to take before starting an exercise program While exercise has many benefits it is also important to know about some guidelines for diabetes and exercise.
Make sure you have an individualised diabetes management plan — your diabetes health professional can help you with this. If you have never exercised before, start with low impact exercise such as walking and go slowly.
This will help build exercise tolerance. You will also be more likely to continue doing regular exercise and prevent injuries. Consider seeing an exercise physiologist for an individualised exercise program. This is especially helpful if you have pain or limited movement.
Discuss with your doctor or diabetes educator the most appropriate areas of the body to inject your insulin, especially during exercise. Diabetes, exercise and foot care People who have had diabetes for a long time or those who have consistently high BGLs are at higher risk of developing foot problems.
You can prevent foot injuries and infections by: wearing well-fitting socks and shoes — check that shoes are long enough, wide enough and deep enough wearing the right shoe for the activity you are doing inspecting your feet daily having annual foot checks by a podiatrist reporting to your doctor any changes to your feet, such as redness, swelling or cuts or wounds, as soon as you detect them.
Diabetes, exercise and blood glucose levels Exercise causes your muscles to use more glucose, so it can lower your BGLs. Hypoglycaemia Hypoglycaemia or a low BGL 4. You can reduce your risk of hypoglycaemia during and after exercise by: checking your BGLs before exercise — make sure your BGL is at least 7.
Your risk of hypoglycaemia during exercise is increased if: you have type 1 diabetes you inject insulin or take a sulphonylurea you have had recurring episodes of hypoglycaemia you are unable to detect the early warning signs and symptoms of hypoglycaemia you have an episode of hypoglycaemia before exercise as both exercise and hypoglycaemia reduce your ability to detect further hypoglycaemia you have drunk alcohol before exercise alcohol reduces your ability to detect hypoglycaemia.
Diabetes, exercise and ketoacidosis People with type 1 diabetes are at risk of developing a build-up of ketones ketoacidosis if they are unwell or have forgotten to take their insulin.
Diabetes complications and exercise If you have existing diabetes complications such as heart, eye or kidney problems, check with your diabetes specialist if it is safe to do certain types of activity.
Where to get help In an emergency, always call triple zero Emergency department of your nearest hospital Your GP doctor Your diabetes educator NURSE-ON-CALL Tel. Physical activity and exercise guidelines for all Australians External Link, Department of Health, Australian Government.
Managing hypoglycaemia fact sheet External LinkNational Diabetes Services Scheme NDSS. Exercise and diabetes booklet External LinkDiabetes Victoria. Give feedback about this page.
Was this page helpful? Yes No. View all diabetes. Related information. From other websites External Link Diabetes Australia — Exercise.
External Link Diabetes Victoria — Physical activity. External Link Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute — Managing physical activity and type 1 diabetes. Content disclaimer Content on this website is provided for information purposes only. Reviewed on:
: Diabetes and exercise safety| Diabetes and exercise - Better Health Channel | Older adults 64 years and over — 30 minutes of moderate intensity physical activity on most days such as walking, shopping, gardening. This book is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4. Get Active! Medications administered that would still be active e. Two to three pre-exercise glucose measurements are recommended. J Phys Ther Sci. |
| Injury-Free Exercise – 11 Quick Safety Tips | Choose types of exercise that are enjoyable and can be done comfortably, making it easier to stay motivated and continue a program over time. A multisite field test of the acceptability of physical activity counseling in primary care: project PACE. The ADA further recommends daily exercise to help reduce insulin resistance, no matter what type of diabetes you have. Contraindications Relative contraindications for exercise regimen include proliferative retinopathy that may cause retinal bleeding due to Valsalva maneuvers with a possibility of a marked increase in blood pressure precipitating intraocular bleeding in such patients. Your healthcare professional can teach you how to balance your medicine with exercise and diet. Article Google Scholar Riddell MC, Gallen IW, Smart CE, Taplin CE, Adolfsson P, Lumb AN, et al. A distinct PDF of this figure can be viewed in Additional file 3. |
| Key Points | In individuals with type 1 diabetes and impaired awareness of hypoglycemia IAH , the ability to detect hypoglycemia symptoms is diminished or, in some cases, absent 41 , 42 , and this reduces their ability to take remedial action to prevent hypoglycemia. Pittsburgh insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus morbidity and mortality study: physical activity and diabetic complications. Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work is not altered. There also appears to be an association between physical activity and reduced cardiovascular disease and mortality for individuals with type 1 diabetes [ 3 ]. In addition to these daily demands, diabetes often gives rise to concerns including medical costs and long-term health. Hypoglycemia-associated autonomic failure in advanced type 2 diabetes. |
| Get Active! | Diabetes | CDC | Immune-boosting lifestyle adults 64 years and over saety 30 Anti-inflammatory essential oils Diabetes and exercise safety moderate intensity physical exeercise on most Diabetes and exercise safety exrcise as walking, shopping, gardening. xnd effectiveness of intensive Diabetes and exercise safety Bold Citrus Flavor for the prevention of vascular complications Dlabetes diabetes mellitus. Here are a few simple Dlabetes you can do to help prevent fxercise, Diabetes and exercise safety, Diabbetes hypoglycemia when exerfise If Diabetess have never been active or haven't been active for exercisd while, start slowly. Sensor and Exercixe Technology. Annd with neurologic complications peripheral neuropathy are usually advised to avoid traumatic weightbearing exercises such as running, which can lead to foot ulcers and stress fractures, although this depends on the severity of the neuropathy. However, it is important to note that, in this study, the exercise occurred 90 minutes after the meal, which may have maximized the effect of a decreased mealtime insulin bolus with less IOB. Patient education: Foot care for people with diabetes Beyond the Basics Patient education: Glucose monitoring in diabetes Beyond the Basics Patient education: Diabetic neuropathy Beyond the Basics Patient education: Quitting smoking Beyond the Basics Patient education: Peripheral artery disease and claudication Beyond the Basics Patient education: Type 2 diabetes and diet Beyond the Basics Patient education: Cervical cancer screening Beyond the Basics Patient education: Breast cancer screening Beyond the Basics Patient education: Bone density testing Beyond the Basics Patient education: Prostate cancer screening Beyond the Basics Patient education: Screening for colorectal cancer Beyond the Basics Professional level information — Professional level articles are designed to keep doctors and other health professionals up-to-date on the latest medical findings. |
| ACSM Publishes New Recommendations on Type 2 Diabetes and Exercise | Setting a routine — Successful management of diabetes should not take the enjoyment out of life. At first, it can be difficult to establish a routine that incorporates all aspects of diabetes care, although many people find that the routine becomes second nature over time. Written schedules may help some patients to remember the details of a routine until they are committed to memory. Some people may find that making too many changes at once is overwhelming and prefer to gradually incorporate various aspects of diabetes care into their life. Aside from day-to-day routine, it is also important to carefully manage situations that can complicate blood sugar control, such as sick days and vacations. You and your health care team should reevaluate your management plan periodically to make sure it seems appropriate and reasonable to you and fits into your daily life. Medication regimens — People with diabetes may need to take several medications throughout the day. Medications to lower elevated blood pressure and cholesterol levels, as well as low-dose aspirin may be used to manage and prevent complications. Your health care provider should talk with you about the benefits and risks of your medications, and you should jointly decide which ones are right for you. Any medication is most effective when it is taken exactly as prescribed. If the medication schedule is complex, a pill organizer or written outline may be helpful for remembering to take specific medications at specific times. Medical costs — Medications and diabetes supplies can be expensive, particularly if insulin is required. Many people with diabetes ration their insulin because of the cost. It is a good idea to share any concerns about medication-related and other costs with your health care provider so they can help find ways to reduce these costs. A few strategies to reduce costs include switching to a similar medication that is covered by insurance; taking advantage of a specific low-cost program, coupon, or discount card; or applying for financial assistance. ROUTINE MEDICAL CARE IN TYPE 2 DIABETES. Making changes in diet and exercise are an important step in diabetes management. However, routine medical care is also important for long-term health in people with diabetes, particularly for preventing, detecting, and slowing the progression of complications. A health care provider can recommend a regular schedule for visits and screening and monitoring tests based upon the duration of diabetes, any diabetes-related complications, and other medical problems. People with diabetes also should receive routine vaccinations to help prevent common infections. See "Patient education: Vaccines for adults Beyond the Basics ". Your health care team can also recommend screenings to detect health problems that do not cause symptoms in the early stages. These screenings include eye examinations, foot examinations, blood and urine tests, dental examinations, and electrocardiograms, if needed. See "Patient education: Cervical cancer screening Beyond the Basics " and "Patient education: Breast cancer screening Beyond the Basics " and "Patient education: Bone density testing Beyond the Basics ". See "Patient education: Prostate cancer screening Beyond the Basics " and "Patient education: Bone density testing Beyond the Basics ". See "Patient education: Screening for colorectal cancer Beyond the Basics ". DIABETES DISTRESS. People with diabetes have to perform many daily tasks to manage their blood sugar and optimize their health. In addition to these daily demands, diabetes often gives rise to concerns including medical costs and long-term health. These obligations and concerns often cause feelings of frustration, burnout, and stress. If these feelings become overwhelming and make the daily management of diabetes difficult or impossible, they are described as "diabetes distress. Many people with diabetes experience diabetes distress. It is important to tell your health care provider if you feel overwhelmed by diabetes and its management for any more than a week or two at a time. Your provider can help find strategies to reduce your stressors and ease your concerns. They may also suggest that you speak with a health care provider who specializes in helping people with diabetes distress. Sharing your feelings with family, friends, or other people in your support network can help reduce diabetes distress. Your health care provider is the best source of information for questions and concerns related to your medical problem. This article will be updated as needed on our website www. Related topics for patients, as well as selected articles written for health care professionals, are also available. Some of the most relevant are listed below. Patient level information — UpToDate offers two types of patient education materials. The Basics — The Basics patient education pieces answer the four or five key questions a patient might have about a given condition. These articles are best for patients who want a general overview and who prefer short, easy-to-read materials. Patient education: Type 2 diabetes The Basics Patient education: Treatment for type 2 diabetes The Basics Patient education: Diabetes and diet The Basics Patient education: Lowering your risk of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes The Basics. Beyond the Basics — Beyond the Basics patient education pieces are longer, more sophisticated, and more detailed. These articles are best for patients who want in-depth information and are comfortable with some medical jargon. Patient education: Foot care for people with diabetes Beyond the Basics Patient education: Glucose monitoring in diabetes Beyond the Basics Patient education: Diabetic neuropathy Beyond the Basics Patient education: Quitting smoking Beyond the Basics Patient education: Peripheral artery disease and claudication Beyond the Basics Patient education: Type 2 diabetes and diet Beyond the Basics Patient education: Cervical cancer screening Beyond the Basics Patient education: Breast cancer screening Beyond the Basics Patient education: Bone density testing Beyond the Basics Patient education: Prostate cancer screening Beyond the Basics Patient education: Screening for colorectal cancer Beyond the Basics. Professional level information — Professional level articles are designed to keep doctors and other health professionals up-to-date on the latest medical findings. These articles are thorough, long, and complex, and they contain multiple references to the research on which they are based. Professional level articles are best for people who are comfortable with a lot of medical terminology and who want to read the same materials their doctors are reading. Exercise guidance in adults with diabetes mellitus Nutritional considerations in type 1 diabetes mellitus Nutritional considerations in type 2 diabetes mellitus Overview of general medical care in nonpregnant adults with diabetes mellitus. Why UpToDate? Product Editorial Subscription Options Subscribe Sign in. Learn how UpToDate can help you. Select the option that best describes you. View Topic. Font Size Small Normal Large. Patient education: Exercise and medical care for people with type 2 diabetes Beyond the Basics. Formulary drug information for this topic. No drug references linked in this topic. Find in topic Formulary Print Share. Author: Kasia J Lipska, MD, MHS Section Editor: David M Nathan, MD Deputy Editor: Katya Rubinow, MD Contributor Disclosures. All topics are updated as new evidence becomes available and our peer review process is complete. Literature review current through: Jan This topic last updated: Jan 20, TYPE 2 DIABETES OVERVIEW Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition, but people with diabetes can lead a full life while keeping their diabetes under control. EXERCISE AND TYPE 2 DIABETES Getting regular physical activity is very important for good health. QUITTING SMOKING Over 25 percent of people newly diagnosed with diabetes actively smoke. DIET AND TYPE 2 DIABETES Changing the type and amount of food eaten can help people with diabetes to lose weight, improve blood sugar levels, and lower blood cholesterol levels and blood pressure. ROUTINE MEDICAL CARE IN TYPE 2 DIABETES Making changes in diet and exercise are an important step in diabetes management. DIABETES DISTRESS People with diabetes have to perform many daily tasks to manage their blood sugar and optimize their health. Patient education: Type 2 diabetes The Basics Patient education: Treatment for type 2 diabetes The Basics Patient education: Diabetes and diet The Basics Patient education: Lowering your risk of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes The Basics Beyond the Basics — Beyond the Basics patient education pieces are longer, more sophisticated, and more detailed. Patient education: Foot care for people with diabetes Beyond the Basics Patient education: Glucose monitoring in diabetes Beyond the Basics Patient education: Diabetic neuropathy Beyond the Basics Patient education: Quitting smoking Beyond the Basics Patient education: Peripheral artery disease and claudication Beyond the Basics Patient education: Type 2 diabetes and diet Beyond the Basics Patient education: Cervical cancer screening Beyond the Basics Patient education: Breast cancer screening Beyond the Basics Patient education: Bone density testing Beyond the Basics Patient education: Prostate cancer screening Beyond the Basics Patient education: Screening for colorectal cancer Beyond the Basics Professional level information — Professional level articles are designed to keep doctors and other health professionals up-to-date on the latest medical findings. Exercise guidance in adults with diabetes mellitus Nutritional considerations in type 1 diabetes mellitus Nutritional considerations in type 2 diabetes mellitus Overview of general medical care in nonpregnant adults with diabetes mellitus The following organizations also provide reliable health information. The degree of day-to-day variation in food intake in diabetic patients. Diabet Med ; Pan XR, Li GW, Hu YH, et al. Effects of diet and exercise in preventing NIDDM in people with impaired glucose tolerance. The Da Qing IGT and Diabetes Study. Follow their treatment instructions and avoid vigorous activity until your blood sugar and ketone level return to normal. When you exercise, your body pulls sugar from your bloodstream to fuel the activity. It also draws on sugar stored as glycogen in your muscles and liver. This is why your blood sugar level tends to drop during a workout. In most cases, hypoglycemia can be treated by eating or drinking fast-acting carbohydrates. In severe cases, hypoglycemia must be treated with a medication known as glucagon. When you take a dose of insulin, it signals the cells in your muscles, liver, and fat to absorb sugar from your bloodstream. This helps prevent your blood sugar from getting too high when you eat. Exercising can also cause your blood sugar to drop. To help prevent low blood sugar during and after workouts, your doctor or diabetes educator might advise you to reduce your insulin intake on days when you exercise. It can take some trial and error to learn how your body responds to changes in your insulin intake, carbohydrate intake, and exercise routine. Keep records of your insulin intake, food intake, exercise activities, and blood sugar to help you learn how to coordinate your medication, meals, and snacks on days you work out. To treat hypoglycemia in its early stages, consume about 15 grams of fast-acting carbohydrates , such as:. After eating or drinking 15 grams of fast-acting carbs, wait 15 minutes and check your blood sugar level again. Repeat these steps until your blood sugar level returns to a normal range. After your blood sugar returns to normal, eat a small snack with carbs and protein. This can help keep your blood sugar steady. If left untreated, hypoglycemia can become severe. Severe hypoglycemia is a potentially life threatening condition that can cause seizures and loss of consciousness. Your doctor can give you a prescription for a glucagon emergency kit or glucagon nasal powder. Consider telling your coach, trainer, or workout buddy where to find your glucagon. Teach them when and how to use it in case of an emergency. Each of the following snacks typically contains about 15 grams of carbs :. When it comes time to eat your next meal, be sure to include both carbs and protein. To support your overall health and well-being, take part in regular exercise, including aerobic and resistance activities. Exercise tends to lower your blood sugar, which can lead to hypoglycemia. To prevent hypoglycemia, try reducing your insulin dosage on days when you exercise or eat more carbs before your workouts. You might also consider adjusting the exercise activities that you do. Your doctor and dietitian can help you learn how to coordinate your medication, meals, snacks, and workouts to keep your blood sugar in a safe range. Our experts continually monitor the health and wellness space, and we update our articles when new information becomes available. VIEW ALL HISTORY. A Quiz for Teens Are You a Workaholic? How Well Do You Sleep? Health Conditions Discover Plan Connect. Exercising with Type 1 Diabetes: How to Work Out and Stay Safe. Medically reviewed by Kelly Wood, MD — By Cathy Lovering — Updated on September 14, Types of workouts Benefits Precautions High blood sugar after exercise Low blood sugar after exercise Insulin and exercise Treating with carbs Treating with glucagon Snack ideas Takeaway If you have type 1 diabetes, staying active can help lower your chances of developing complications. Importance of exercising with type 1 diabetes. Types of workouts you can do with type 1 diabetes. Benefits of exercise with type 1 diabetes. Precautions for working out with type 1 diabetes. High blood sugar after exercise. Low blood sugar after exercise. Insulin and exercise. Treating hypoglycemia with carbohydrates. Treating severe hypoglycemia with glucagon. Pre- and postworkout meal and snack ideas. The takeaway. How we reviewed this article: Sources. Healthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical associations. We avoid using tertiary references. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our editorial policy. Sep 14, Edited By Jessica DiGiacinto. Sep 13, Medically Reviewed By Kelly Wood, MD. Share this article. More in Prepared for Severe Hypoglycemia, Ready for Anything Insulin Shock: Warning Signs and Treatment Options. Read this next. |
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