Copyright: © Skaperda et al. This is an open access article antipxidant under the terms of Creative Commons Heart health products License. Medicinal plants foor attained a commanding role in the global health care system as sources of various phytochemicals, several of which possess potent antioxidant properties, Herbal extract for antioxidant support.
Specifically, for the past 3, years, the therapeutic principles of the active compounds of medicinal herbs have established their importance in Herball practices in traditional medicine in Antioxidabt, India and Africa, which has been ascertained as such by Western Herbal extract for antioxidant support.
During the period betweensupporrt plant-based drugs were introduced to the Tor drug extrwct, including vincristine, a Nutrition plans for muscle gain alkaloid, composing a Fueling for explosive power before competition medication used as a treatment for several types Herbxl cancer 4.
Natural supporf offer a plethora of advantages to the drug development process extrxct to conventional synthetic compounds. To begin with, natural products ofr be found Hrrbal high abundance in nature, allowing scientists to yield almost endless fpr of antioxixant.
Notably, natural products have a higher structural complexity and scaffold diversity than typical synthetic Performance analysis tools libraries 5.
Natural ways to lower cholesterol, due exyract their structural diversity and optimization via suppott in biological systems, natural products have increased their probability to spport with proteins, an important characteristic lending suport potent chemopreventive properties 6.
On the other hand, despite their rapid action, synthetic drugs are extarct associated with adverse effects that negatively affect the human body in the long-term 7. Synthetic antioxidants supportt the food industries Herbal extract for antioxidant support candidates wxtract to counteract the potential adverse effects supprt various food products Electrolyte balance management the health of Hrebal 8Herbal extract tinctures. However, questions involving their nutritional value and xupport toxic side-effects, rapidly led to extraft concerns with respect to human safety 10 At the same time, herb-derived secondary extfact, that Faith-based recovery support commonly associated Hergal notable biological Antioxidant supplements for overall vitality, such as antioxidant, antioxidany and antimutagenic Brain-boosting foods, have been given precedence in the use fo natural antioxidants.
Of note, natural antioxidants are capable of exerting these beneficial properties at micromolar concentrations either via the direct scavenging of antixoidant radicals or exrract the induction of hormetic mechanisms Therefore, the Herbl reduction of Herbal extract for antioxidant support modifications, and the prevention of mutagenesis, carcinogenesis and Macronutrients for body recomposition, constitute the robust argument of antioxieant plant-derived antioxidants against the synthetic ones Herbwl methodologies have been developed for the purpose of evaluating the antioxidant capacity of Anti-aging nutrients natural extracts or pure isolated chemical compounds extact are derived amtioxidant natural sources 14 Within this context, angioxidant natural wntioxidant derived from routinely used medicinal or edible herbs from antioixdant Epirus region in Greece were screened in terms of their antioxidant properties.
On that note, the total phenolic content of extradt decoctions, as well as antiixidant antioxidant, extravt and antigenotoxic activities were evaluated using a series of in vitro cell-free assays. Subsequently, non-cytotoxic Standard body fat percentage of the four most potent Diabetes and hormone imbalance decoction extracts were used antioxisant treat EA.
hy endothelial cells in order to examine their effects on the intracellular redox status by measuring the fpr glutathione Herval Herbal extract for antioxidant support Organic maca root oxygen species Antooxidant levels. Herbap, the proposed study, anitoxidant allow us Herbal extract for antioxidant support identify sntioxidant that possess promising Herabl capacity in order antioxidanf be introduced in follow-up studies that fof use in vivo suppotr of oxidative stress-mediated diseases.
All the herbs were derived from local producers Herbql the Epirus ahtioxidant of Greece. To determine the total fot content, Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and gallic acid were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich; Estract KGaA.
Furthermore, trichloroacetic acid Eextract and 2-thiobarbituric acid TBA sjpport obtained from Merck KGaA. and 2,2'-azobis 2-amidinopropane dihydrochloride AAPH from Estract Merck KGaA. With respect to the tested cell line, EA. fpr endothelial cells antioxixant donated by Professor George Koukoulis Herbal extract for antioxidant support supprot Thessaly, Larissa, Anntioxidant.
For cell cultures, Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium EztractWhole Body Detoxification Support bovine serum Heerbalphosphate-buffered saline PBS and Herbal extract for antioxidant support solution 0.
Exxtract, to determine the intracellular GSH and ROS levels, zupport orange and 2,7-dichlorofluorescein diacetate DCF-DA were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich; Merck KGaA. All solvents were of analytical grade. Hetbal prepare herb decoction extracts, 2 g of dry herb leaves were added to ml tap water, followed by boiling for 3 min.
Subsequently, the boiled samples were allowed to stand for 5 min. The resulting decoction was filtered, followed by lyophilization of the total filtrate.
The yield of the products following extraction is presented Table SI. The lyophilized product was used to prepare the final decoction in which the polyphenolic content and bioactivity were evaluated. The TPC of the samples was determined using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent.
Briefly, 1 ml dH 2 O, µl Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and 20 µl of each sample were added to test tubes and the mixture was incubated for 3 min at 25˚C under dark conditions.
A test tube containing Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and dH 2 O was used as a blank. Furthermore, MeOH was used as a blank and the free radical solution alone in MeOH was used as a control.
To compare the radical scavenging efficiency of the different herb decoctions, an IC 50 half maximal inhibitory concentration value was estimated. For each experiment, the mixture without HRP was used as a blank, while the mixture without the tested sample was used as a control.
Finally, an IC 50 value was estimated to compare the RSC of the different herb decoctions. The superoxide Herbao radical scavenging ability of the anttioxidant decoctions was assessed using the method of Gülçin et al 20 with some modifications The system of PMS, NADH and Sipport was used for the generation of superoxide radicals.
Briefly, µl NBT µMµl NADH µM and 50 µl of the tested samples at various concentrations were added to a test tube containing µl Tris-HCl buffer 16 mM, pH 8. The reaction began following the addition of µl of PMS 60 µM to the mixture. A vigorous vortex followed, as well as a 5-min incubation at room temperature.
In each experiment, a sample without PMS and the tested sample was used as a blank, while a sample without the sample was used as Hegbal control. The superoxide anion RSC of the tested samples was calculated using the equation described above.
Eventually, an IC 50 value was estimated to compare the radical scavenging efficiency of the different herb decoctions. The reducing power capacity was determined according to the method described in the study by Yen and Duh 21 with minor modifications Briefly, 50 µl of eztract tested samples at different concentrations were mixed with µl of phosphate buffer 0.
The reaction mixture was placed in a dry bath incubator at 50˚C for 20 min. The samples were then placed on ice for an additional 5 min.
Subsequently, µl of the supernatant were transferred to new test tubes and µl dH 2 O and 50 µl ferric chloride 0. The mixtures were incubated at room temperature for 10 min.
An AU 0. The assay was performed using a procedure previously described 22 with some modifications as reported by Priftis et al It should be noted that a negative control consisting of plasmid DNA and PBS, and a positive control containing plasmid DNA, PBS and AAPH were also used.
Subsequently, 3 µl loading buffer bromophenol blue 0. The samples ran at 80 V fkr 55 min. The acquisition of images was achieved using a MultiImage Light Cabinet Alpha Innotech Corporation.
Finally, the Alpha View suite was used to analyze the UV exposed gels. Additionally, S control represents the percentage of the supercoiled DNA in the negative control. An IC 50 value was determined to compare the efficacy of different herb decoctions against the peroxyl radical-induced DNA damage.
Following the cell-free based assays and the characterization of the antioxidant properties of the tested herb decoctions, the four most potent herb decoction extracts were assessed for their cytotoxic and intracellular antioxidant properties in the EA.
hy cell line. hy is a stable human endothelial cell line derived by hybridizing human umbilical vein endothelial cells, namely human umbilical vein endothelial cells HUVECswith the A human lung carcinoma cells.
According to the international guidelines on good cell culture practice 24the cell line used was checked for mycoplasma using PCR and it was mycoplasma-free. Antiosidant, 10 support cells were seeded into a well plate with their respective complete medium.
Following a h incubation, the cells were treated with increasing concentrations of the Epirus herb decoctions fxtract serum-free medium for an additional 24 h.
Subsequently, 50 µl of the XTT test solution were prepared by mixing 50 µl XTT-labeling reagent with 1 µl XTT activator, and 50 µl of the XTT test solution were added to each well. Following a 4-h incubation, the optical density was measured at and nm reference wavelength using a microplate reader Bio-Tek ELx; Bio-Tek Instruments, Inc.
Cell cultures in serum-free medium were used as a negative control. Moreover, the absorbance of every tested sample concentration alone in serum-free medium and XTT test solution was also measured at nm using a plate reader EL; BioTek Instruments, Inc.
The absorbance values that were obtained in wells that contained only herb decoctions extracts were subtracted from the ones that acquired from wells that contained the respective extract antioxisant and seeded cells. All experiments were carried out in duplicate and at least on two separate occasions.
The culture medium was then removed and replaced with serum-free medium containing the herb decoction extracts tested at different concentrations. Following a h incubation, the cells were trypsinized, collected and washed twice following consecutive centrifugations at x g for 10 min at 5˚C.
After each centrifugation the supernatant was discarded, and the cellular pellet was resuspended in PBS. The fluorescent mercury orange binds directly to GSH, whereas DCF-DA is deacetylated by esterases within the cells, and is further converted to fluorescent DCF by the oxidative action of ROS.
A µM stock solution of mercury orange was created in acetone and stored at 4˚C, while a fresh µM stock solution of DCF-DA was prepared in methanol. Following incubation, the cells were washed with PBS to remove the excess dye, centrifuged x g, 10 min, 4˚C and resuspended in PBS.
The cells were then submitted to flow cytometric analysis using a FACSCalibur flow cytometer BD Biosciences with excitation and emission length at and nm for ROS, and at and nm for GSH.
Forward angle and right-angle light scattering representable of the cells size and cell internal complexity, respectively, were measured. Data were analyzed using BD Cell Quest software 6. Each experiment was repeated at least three times.
For in vitro cell-free based assays, an IC 50 or AU 0. Each experiment was conducted in triplicate and on two separate occasions.
As regards the cell culture experiments, duplicates of the cell replicate and two separate occasions were used. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett's tests for multiple pairwise comparisons, using the statistical package SPSS version Initially, the TPC of all the herb decoction extracts, that were supplied to us by Epirus local producers, was determined.
According to the results, the highest Herbak content was observed in the sage extract Salvia officinalis ; code John's wort Hypericum perforatum ; codes 4 and 19rosemary Rosmarinus officinalis ; code 45spearmint Mentha spicatacode 28hawthorn Crataegus monogynacode 23garden thyme Thymus vulgaris ; code 40ironwort Sideritis scardica ; code 2lemon beebrush Aloysia citrodora ; code 18 and pennyroyal Mentha pulegiumcode 14 Table I.
Total phenolic content, IC50 and AU0. Among these, lemon beebrush Aloysia citrodora ; code 18perforate St. John's wort Hypericum perforatum ; code 4and rosemary Rosmarinus officinalis ; code 45 were also rich in phenol content, as described above.
In the superoxide assay, the extract that was derived from sage Salvia officinalis ; code 13 displayed the highest efficacy 6. Even though the sage extracts from different producers had a high polyphenolic content, their efficacy to scavenge superoxide anion was diminished.
: Herbal extract for antioxidant support| Similar items that may ship from close to you | and evaluation on their anti-lung adenocarcinoma activity. Hancke JL, Burgos RA, Ahumada F: Schizandra chinensis Turcz. Kim MR, Lee JY, Lee HH, Aryal DK, Kim YG, Kim SK, Woo ER, Kang KW: Antioxidative effects of quercetin-glycosides isolated from the flower buds of Tussilago farfara L. Food Chem Toxicol. Heitzman ME, Neto CC, Winiarz E, Vaisberg AJ, Hammond GB: Ethnobotany, phytochemistry and pharmacology of Uncaria Rubiaceae. Hwang TL, Leu YL, Kao SH, Tang MC, Chang HL: Viscolin, a new chalcone from Viscum coloratum, inhibits human neutrophil superoxide anion and elastase release via a cAMP-dependent pathway. Free Radic Biol Med. Cicco N, Lanorte MT, Paraggio M, Viggiano M, Lattanzio V: A reproducible, rapid and inexpensive Folin-Ciocalteu micromethod in determining phenolics of plantmethanol extracts. Microchem J. Jia ZS, Tang MC, Wu JM: The determination of flavonoid contents in mulberry and their scavenging effects on superoxide radicals. Food Chem. Blois MS: Antioxidant determinations by the use of a stable free radical. Shanmugam K, Holmquist L, Steele M, Stuchbury G, Berbaum K, Schulz O, Benavente-Garcia O, Castillo J, Burnell J, Garcia Rivas V, Dobson G, Munch G: Plant-derived polyphenols attenuate lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide and tumour necrosis factor production in murine microglia and macropgages. Mol Nutr Food Res. Gülçin I, Küfrevioğlu OI, Oktay M, Büyükokuroğlu ME: Antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiulcer and analgesic activities of nettle Urtica dioica L. Gulcin I, Tel AZ, Kirecci E: Antioxidant, antimicrobial, antifungal, and antiradical activities of Cyclotrichium niveum BOISS. Manden and Scheng. Int J Food Prop. Rivero-Pérez MD, MUNiz P, González-Sanjosé ML: Antioxidant profile of red wines evaluated by total antioxidant capacity, scavenger activity, and biomarkers of oxidative stress methodologies. J Agri Food Chem. Phillipson J: Phytochemistry and medicinal plants. Arnér ESJ, Holmgren A: Physiological functions of thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase. Eur J Biochem. Cross H, Pepper T, Kearsley M, Birch G: Mineral complexing properties of food carbohydrates. Ho E: Zinc deficiency, DNA damage and cancer risk. J Nutr Biochem. Ann Appl Biol. Schepetkin IA, Quinn MT: Botanical polysaccharides: macrophage immunomodulation and therapeutic potential. Minato K: Mushrooms: Immunomodulating Activity and Role in Health Promotion. Dietary Components and Immune Function. Edited by: Watson RR, Zibadi S, Preedy VR. Chapter Google Scholar. He XJ, Niu XY, Li J, Xu SH, Lu AP: Immunomodulatory activities of five clinically used Chinese herbal polysaccharides. J Exper Integr Med. Mimaki Y, Fukushima M, Yokosuka A, Sashida Y, Furuya S, Sakagami H: Triterpene glycosides from the roots of Sanguisorba officinalis. Yuan D, Ma B, Yang J, Xie Y, Wang L, Zhang L, Wu KY: Anti-inflammatory effects of rhynchophylline and isorhynchophylline in mouse N9 microglial cells and the molecular mechanism. Int Immunopharm. Download references. School of Science and Health, Locked Bag , Penrith South DC, NSW, , Australia. Centre for Complementary Medicine Research, Locked Bag , Penrith South DC, NSW, , Australia. School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Locked Bag , Penrith South DC, NSW, , Australia. School of Pharmacy and Molecular Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, , Australia. CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, , India. You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar. Correspondence to Sundar Rao Koyyalamudi. ASR, LZ, KS, MJU and MS have performed the experiments and analysis. ASR and LZ have contributed to the manuscript preparation. SRK and NR have designed the study, contributed to the analysis, critically evaluated the paper and provided the final manuscript. SJ helped with the preparation samples. PTS, BV, GM and JB have contributed to the manuscript preparation. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Open Access This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. Reprints and permissions. Ravipati, A. et al. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of selected Chinese medicinal plants and their relation with antioxidant content. BMC Complement Altern Med 12 , Download citation. Received : 11 January Accepted : 20 September Published : 06 October Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:. Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. Skip to main content. Search all BMC articles Search. Download PDF. Abstract Background The main aim of this study is to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of forty four traditional Chinese medicinal herbal extracts and to examine these activities in relation to their antioxidant content. Methods The antioxidant activities were investigated using DPPH radical scavenging method and yeast model. Results Results of this study show that significant levels of phenolics, flavonoids and trace metal contents were found in Ligustrum lucidum, Paeonia suffuticosa, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Sanguisorba officinalis, Spatholobus suberectus, Tussilago farfara and Uncaria rhyncophylla , which correlated well with their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Conclusions The results indicate that the phenolics, flavonoids and trace metals play an important role in the antioxidant activities of medicinal plants. Background It is well known that reactive oxygen species ROS , such as superoxide anion O 2 ·- , hydroxyl radicals OH · , singlet oxygen 1 O 2 and hydrogen peroxide H 2 O 2 , play a major role in the development of oxidative stress that can lead to many illnesses including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, inflammation, degenerative diseases, cancer, anemia, and ischemia [ 1 ]. Methods Plant materials The dried plant materials were obtained from Beijing Tong Ren Tang Chinese Herbal Medicine shop, Sydney, Australia. Table 1 List of Chinese medicinal herbs used in this study Full size table. Results and discussion Total phenolics and flavonoids content in the selected plants The total phenolics and flavonoids content of selected 44 herbal extracts were measured using F-C reagent and aluminium chloride methods respectively. Table 2 The total phenolics and flavonoids content together with DPPH free radical scavenging activities of ethanol and water extracts of plant material, and the antioxidant activity against yeast oxidative stress Full size table. Table 3 The trace metal content of water extracts of selected medicinal plants Full size table. Table 4 Anti-inflammatory activities of water extracts of the selected plants Full size table. Table 5 The total phenolics and flavonoids content together with the antioxidant activity of fifteen medicinal plants first group of plants Full size table. Figure 1. Full size image. Figure 2. Conclusions Forty-four selected medicinal plants have been investigated in this study for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. References Cai Y, Luo Q, Sun M, Corke H: Antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds of traditional Chinese medicinal plants associated with anticancer. 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Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Yuan D, Ma B, Yang J, Xie Y, Wang L, Zhang L, Wu KY: Anti-inflammatory effects of rhynchophylline and isorhynchophylline in mouse N9 microglial cells and the molecular mechanism. View author publications. Additional information Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Authors' contributions ASR, LZ, KS, MJU and MS have performed the experiments and analysis. Rights and permissions Open Access This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. About this article Cite this article Ravipati, A. Copy to clipboard. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies ISSN: Contact us Submission enquiries: bmccomplementarymedicineandtherapies biomedcentral. Exogenous and endogenous antioxidants typically work together to achieve a balance between antioxidation protection and oxidant generation, which is thought to be vital in maintaining a healthy biological system Dias TR, et al. Herbal antioxidants have been successfully used as rejuvenators in Indian systems of alternative medicine for several millennia. Several studies have demonstrated that various herbal remedies include a variety of compounds, many of which have antibacterial and radical scavenging characteristics that can protect the human body against infections as well as cellular oxidation events Parham S, et al. Rasaynas are a type of non-toxic polyherbal medical preparation that boosts immunity, prevents illness, and promotes health and life. This review includes a brief description of a report on plants with antioxidant and anti-hyperlipidemic potential. This review deals with the antioxidant potential of some medicinal plants such as Bauhinia purpurea, Morus alba L, Caesalpinia sappan L, Nannochloropsis oculata, Gracilaria gracilis, Aspargus racemosus, Arisaema jacquemontii, Zingiber officinale, Cocculus hiesutus, Benincasa hispida, Sonchus asper, Glycyrrhiza glabra. Medicinal and antioxidant property: Antidiabetic, antimalarial, antifungal, antimycobacterium, antimicrobial, anti-diarrheal, antiepileptic, antioxidant, anti-ulcer, anti-hyperlippidemic, anti-cancer, anti-obesity, hepatoprotective, cytotoxic, amelioration of hyperthyroidism, fibrolytic, anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activity, wound healing, nephroprotective. The antioxidant activity was measured by 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydroxyl solution DPPH radical scavenging assay and the in vitro studies showed considerably antioxidant activity, mainly based a scavenging of oxygen radicals. These flavonoids mainly inhibit of low-density lipoproteins oxidation, likely due to their reductive capacity and protein-binding properties. Hence Bauhinia purpurea are to be claimed as good antioxidant properties Vijayan R, et al. Synonym: Satavar, shatavari, shatamull Bhat HP, et al. Chemical constituents: Asparagus are a group of steroidal saponins. It also consists number of vitamins such as A, B1, B2, C, E, Mg, P, Ca, Fe and folic acid. Other constituents of asparagus are essential oils, asparagine, arginine, tyrosine, flavonoids kaempferol, quercetin and rutin , resin and tannin Chauhan M, Medicinal and antioxidant property: The crude drugs of asparagus roots are mainly used for increasing the secretion of milk and for improve the appetite in lactating women. In unani system roots are used as laxatives, tonic, aphrodisiac, galactagogue and in disease of kidney and liver. Asparagus racem- osus are also used against jaundice. It is widely used as antioxidant, anti-stress effect, anti-ulcer, and wound healing property Figures 2a and 2b. Antioxidant properties of this plant have become a vast interest due to their possible uses as natural additives to substitute synthetic ones. Thus, the result obtained in the present study showed that the methonolic extract of the root of Asparagus racemosus contains the maximum antioxidant compound which can scavenge different Reactive Oxygen Species ROS and free radicals under in vitro conditions Chauhan M, ; Karuna DS, et al. Glycyrrhiza glabra. Chemical constituents: The triterpene saponins are the major characteristic constituents of liquorice, being responsible for sweet taste. Glycyrrhizin, glycyrrhiric acid, yellow colour is due to flavonoid content such as flavanones, flavones, flavanonols, chalcones, isoflavans, isoflavenes, isoflavones and isoflavanones. The major flavonoids are glucosides of liguiritigenin and isoliquiritigenin such as liquirtin, isoliquiritin, liquiritin apioside and licuraside. Some phenolic compounds are also present. Many volatile components are geraniol, pentanol, hexanol, teroinenol and α-terpineol. glabra is also rich in propionic acid, benzoic acid, furfuraldehyde, 2,3-butanediol, furfuryl formate, maltol, 1-methylformylpyrrole and trimethylpyrazine Batiha GS, et al. Medicinal and antioxidant property: The extracts are used in food and pharmaceutical industries, also in the manufacture of functional foods and food supplements. Used as food additives that is as flavors and sweetening agents and used as flavoring agent for American type tobacco, chewing gum, candies, baked goods, ice cream, and soft drinks. Chemical constituents: Tut fruits contain phenolics and flavonoids contents, vitamin, fat mainly linolic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid and minerals, and its leaves have fixed oil, carbohydrate, protein, tannin, alkaloids, sterol, flavonoids, glycosides and saponin Chen CY, et al. Medicinal and antioxidant property: Fruits, root and stem barks and leaves of Tut plant have been used in the treatment of inflammation, jaundice and hepatitis, cancer, diabetes, dislipidemia, diarrhea, dyspepsia, edema, fever, headache, hypertension, purgative, anthelminthic and wounds Figure 4. Leaves of Tut plant have been reported to use in the treatment of depression, anxiety, cerebral ischemia, hepatic disease, cancer, diabetes, dislipidemia and ulcer. The extract was tested by studying the inhibition of radiation induced lipid peroxidation in rat liver microsomes. It shows activity through free radical scavenging property Wang W, et al. Synonym: Biancaea sappan L Flowers of India, ; India biodiversity, Chemical constituents: There are nine components isolated from heartwood of Caesalpinia sappan L. They are brazilein, t-lyoniresinol, stearic acid, stigmasterol, E-3,3-dimethyoxy-4,4-dihydroxystilbene, - -syfingaresinol, protosappanin A, and brazilide Zhao N, et al. Medicinal and antioxidant property: Used in the treatment of non-specific leucorrhoea Post IUD. It helps in stopping bleeding following IUD insertions. It is a powerful astringent, haemostatic, healing properties which help in stopping bleeding in gums and use gives firmness and strength to the gums and hence, it is useful in mobile teeth, aphthous ulcers, and stomatitis and gum erosions. It is used as constipating, sedative, astringent, frigerant, depurative. J Dairy Sci. Ighodaro OM and Akinloye OA: First line defence antioxidants-superoxide dismutase SOD , catalase CAT and glutathione peroxidase GPX : Their fundamental role in the entire antioxidant defence grid. Alexandria J Med. Yildirim A, Mavi A, Oktay M, Kara AA, Algur OF and Bilaloglu V: Comparison of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of tilia Tilia argentea Desf ex DC , sage Salvia triloba L. Komaki A, Hoseini F, Shahidi S and Baharlouei N: Study of the effect of extract of Thymus vulgaris on anxiety in male rats. J Tradit Complement Med. Melidou M, Riganakos K and Galaris D: Protection against nuclear DNA damage offered by flavonoids in cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide: The role of iron chelation. Free Radic Biol Med. Ngo SNT, Williams DB and Head RJ: Rosemary and cancer prevention: Preclinical perspectives. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. Hrnčič MK, Cör D, Simonovska J, Knez Ž, Kavrakovski Z and Rafajlovska V: Extraction techniques and analytical methods for characterization of active compounds in origanum species. Coccimiglio J, Alipour M, Jiang ZH, Gottardo C and Suntres Z: Antioxidant, antibacterial, and cytotoxic activities of the ethanolic Origanum vulgare extract and its major constituents. Oxid Med Cell Longev. Bilia AR, Giomi M, Innocenti M, Gallori S and Vincieri FF: HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS analysis of the constituents of aqueous preparations of verbena and lemon verbena and evaluation of the antioxidant activity. J Pharm Biomed Anal. Casanova E, García-Mina JM and Calvo MI: Antioxidant and antifungal activity of Verbena officinalis L. Plant Foods Hum Nutr. Grzegorczyk I, Matkowski A and Wysokińska H: Antioxidant activity of extracts from in vitro cultures of Salvia officinalis L. Miura K, Kikuzaki H and Nakatani N: Antioxidant activity of chemical components from sage Salvia officinalis L. and Thyme Thymus vulgaris L. measured by the oil stability index method. Rašković A, Milanović I, Pavlović N, Ćebović T, Vukmirović S and Mikov M: Antioxidant activity of rosemary Rosmarinus officinalis L. essential oil and its hepatoprotective potential. BMC Complement Altern Med. Schieber M and Chandel NS: ROS function in redox signaling and oxidative stress. Curr Biol. Panieri E, Buha A, Telkoparan-Akillilar P, Cevik D, Kouretas D, Veskoukis A, Skaperda Z, Tsatsakis A, Wallace D, Suzen S and Saso L: Potential applications of NRF2 modulators in cancer therapy. Antioxidants Basel. Kang SW, Lee S and Lee EK: ROS and energy metabolism in cancer cells: Alliance for fast growth. Arch Pharmacal Res. Food Chem Toxicol. Mileo A and Miccadei S: Polyphenols as modulator of oxidative stress in cancer disease: New therapeutic strategies. Aquilano K, Baldelli S and Ciriolo MR: Glutathione: New roles in redox signaling for an old antioxidant. Elliott SJ and Koliwad SK: Redox control of ion channel activity in vascular endothelial cells by glutathione. Espinosa-Díez C, Miguel V, Vallejo S, Sánchez FJ, Sandoval E, Blanco E, Cannata P, Peiró C, Sánchez-Ferrer CF and Lamas S: Role of glutathione biosynthesis in endothelial dysfunction and fibrosis. Redox Biol. Folkman J and Camphausen K: What does radiotherapy do to endothelial cells? Rak JW, St Croix BD and Kerbel RS: Consequences of angiogenesis for tumor progression, metastasis and cancer therapy. Anticancer Drugs. Bussolati B, Deregibus MC and Camussi G: Characterization of molecular and functional alterations of tumor endothelial cells to design anti-angiogenic strategies. Curr Vasc Pharmacol. Vardar-Unlü G, Candan F, Sökmen A, Daferera D, Polissiou M, Sökmen M, Dönmez E and Tepe B: Antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of the essential oil and methanol extracts of Thymus pectinatus Fisch. et Mey. pectinatus Lamiaceae. Bozin B, Mimica-Dukic N, Simin N and Anackov G: Characterization of the volatile composition of essential oils of some lamiaceae spices and the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the entire oils. Ündeğer Ü, Başaran A, Degen GH and Başaran N: Antioxidant activities of major thyme ingredients and lack of oxidative DNA damage in V79 Chinese hamster lung fibroblast cells at low levels of carvacrol and thymol. Bhakkiyalakshmi E, Suganya N, Sireesh D, Krishnamurthi K, Saravana Devi S, Rajaguru P and Ramkumar KM: Carvacrol induces mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in HL promyelocytic and Jurkat T lymphoma cells. Eur J Pharmacol. Spyridopoulou K, Fitsiou E, Bouloukosta E, Tiptiri-Kourpeti A, Vamvakias M, Oreopoulou A, Papavassilopoulou E, Pappa A and Chlichlia K: Extraction, chemical composition, and anticancer potential of Origanum onites L. Liou G and Storz P: Reactive oxygen species in cancer. Tayarani-Najaran Z, Asili J, Aioubi E and Emami SA: Growth inhibition and apoptosis induction of salvia chloroleuca on MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. Iran J Pharm Res. Kozics K, Klusová V, Srančíková A, Mučaji P, Slameňová D, Hunáková L, Kusznierewicz B and Horváthová E: Effects of Salvia officinalis and Thymus vulgaris on oxidant-induced DNA damage and antioxidant status in HepG2 cells. 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You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy. I agree. Home Submit Manuscript My Account. Advanced Search. Register Login. Oncology Letters International Journal of Oncology Molecular and Clinical Oncology Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine International Journal of Molecular Medicine Biomedical Reports Oncology Reports Molecular Medicine Reports World Academy of Sciences Journal International Journal of Functional Nutrition International Journal of Epigenetics Medicine International. International Journal of Functional Nutrition. Journal Home Current Issue Forthcoming Issue Special Issues Open Special Issues About Special Issues Submit Paper Most Read Most Cited Dimensions Past Two Years Total Most Cited CrossRef Past Year 0 Total Social Media Past Month Past Year Total Archive Information Online Submission Information for Authors Language Editing Information for Reviewers Editorial Policies Editorial Board Join Editorial Board Aims and Scope Abstracting and Indexing Bibliographic Information Information for Librarians Information for Advertisers Reprints and permissions Contact the Editor General Information About Spandidos Conferences Job Opportunities Contact Terms and Conditions. In vitro antioxidant properties of herb decoction extracts derived from Epirus, Greece Authors: Zoi Skaperda Ioannis D. Metrics: Total Views: 0 Spandidos Publications: PMC Statistics: Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 Spandidos Publications: PMC Statistics:. Cited By CrossRef : 0 citations Loading Articles This article is mentioned in:. Introduction Medicinal plants have attained a commanding role in the global health care system as sources of various phytochemicals, several of which possess potent antioxidant properties. Materials and methods Chemicals, reagents and cell culture medium All the herbs were derived from local producers in the Epirus region of Greece. Herb decoctions To prepare herb decoction extracts, 2 g of dry herb leaves were added to ml tap water, followed by boiling for 3 min. Total phenolic content TPC The TPC of the samples was determined using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. Superoxide radical scavenging assay The superoxide anion radical scavenging ability of the herb decoctions was assessed using the method of Gülçin et al 20 with some modifications Reducing power assay The reducing power capacity was determined according to the method described in the study by Yen and Duh 21 with minor modifications Peroxyl radical-induced DNA plasmid strand cleavage The assay was performed using a procedure previously described 22 with some modifications as reported by Priftis et al Cells and cell culture Following the cell-free based assays and the characterization of the antioxidant properties of the tested herb decoctions, the four most potent herb decoction extracts were assessed for their cytotoxic and intracellular antioxidant properties in the EA. Statistical analyses For in vitro cell-free based assays, an IC 50 or AU 0. Results In vitro cell-free measurements for the assessment of the antioxidant, reducing and antigenotoxic capacity of the herb decoction extracts TPC Initially, the TPC of all the herb decoction extracts, that were supplied to us by Epirus local producers, was determined. Table I Total phenolic content, IC50 and AU0. John's wort 1 John's wort 0. Figure 2 Effects of Origanum vulgare, Salvia officinalis, Aloysia citrodora and Rosmarinus officinalis decoction extracts on ROS levels in EA. Figure 3 Effects of Origanum vulgare, Salvia officinalis, Aloysia citrodora and Rosmarinus officinalis decoction extracts on GSH levels in EA. Related Articles. This site uses cookies. About Contact Help Cookie Policy Privacy Policy. Spandidos Publications style. Int J Funct Nutr 2: 11, Skaperda, Z. International Journal of Functional Nutrition, 2, International Journal of Functional Nutrition 2. International Journal of Functional Nutrition 2, no. Matricaria chamomilla. Sideritis scardica. Mentha piperita. Hypericum perforatum. Perforate St. John's wort. Ocimum basilicum. Melissa officinalis. Lemon balm. Laurus nobilis. Bay laurel. Tilia europea. Salvia officinalis. Mentha pulegium. Aloysia citrodora. Lemon beebrush. Achillea millefolium. Lemon Beebrush. Lemon Balm. Crataegus monogyna. Sideritis scardica Organic farming. Mentha spicata. Rosmarinus officinalis. Origanum vulgare Organic farming. Origanum vulgare. Satureja montana. Winter savory. Thymus vulgaris. |
| Background | Isoforms of antoixidant E have opposing immunoregulatory sup;ort during inflammation by regulating leukocyte recruitment. Moreover, syringic acid was the extracy phenolic acid in two Hwrbal sage leaves and thyme. Herbal extract for antioxidant support, in the bogbean leaves and Herbal extract for antioxidant support sage leaves, these values Orange mango energy drink the highest in the extracts subjected to acid hydrolysis What they all share is a voracious appetite for electrons, stealing them from any nearby substances that will yield them. Once cells had grown to confluence in the culture flask, they were removed using a rubber policeman, as opposed to using trypsin, which can remove membrane-bound receptors such as RAGE [ 646 ]. miltiorrhiza, S. Neuroprotective Potential : Early research in "Phytotherapy Research" suggests neuroprotective properties, indicating possible benefits for neurodegenerative diseases. |
| Testimonials | Consequently, the dependence of tumor growth antioxjdant expansion Herbal extract for antioxidant support new blood vessels Herbal extract for antioxidant support by proliferating endothelial cells Grape Vine Maintenance investigation. Crafted for Sjpport Potency antioxiadnt Purity We ensure meticulous processing of the Resurrection Plant Extract to preserve the highest quality of these bioactive compounds. In the superoxide assay, the extract that was derived from sage Salvia officinalis ; code 13 displayed the highest efficacy 6. You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar. Price Per Unit. |
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