Innovative collaborations between industry players can help redefine the way the steel industry operates, driving it toward meeting sustainability targets and evolving societal expectations. As the demand for infrastructure continues to grow, so too will the need for iron ore. The transition to scrap-based production will be essential, with the demand for scrap metal rising at a faster rate than that for primary material.

Efforts to decarbonize material production and invest in innovative technologies will be critical in the ongoing development of modern infrastructure. In conclusion, understanding the role of iron ore in modern infrastructure is crucial for the continued development of our society. As we move towards a more sustainable future, it is essential to address the challenges faced by the iron ore industry and invest in innovative solutions that will help reduce its environmental impact while meeting the growing demand for infrastructure and development.

MetalQuest Mining understands that demand for Steel and thus Iron Ore is intertwined with civilization. Having one of the biggest undeveloped Iron Ore Project in North America gives our shareholders the possibility and opportunity to gain exposure to a mega project.

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MQM Blog — Understanding Iron Ore: The Building Block of Modern Infrastructure Iron ore serves as the foundation for modern infrastructure and industry. Iron Ore in Transportation Systems Iron ore plays a crucial role in the development and sustenance of transportation systems worldwide. Iron Ore in Communication Grids Communication networks rely on copper, another key metal in infrastructure.

Importance of the Labrador Trough for North American Steel The Labrador Trough plays a significant role in the North American steel industry due to its vast reserves of high-grade iron ore deposits.

The Role of Junior Miners in Infrastructure Development Junior miners are in the business of finding the mines of tomorrow. The Four Pillars of Modern Civilization Cement, steel, plastics, and ammonia are the four most essential materials in modern civilization. The Ubiquity of Plastics Plastics are a large group of synthetic organic materials that can be molded into desired shapes.

Cement: The Key Component of Concrete Cement is the key component of concrete, making it the most massively deployed material in modern infrastructure.

Fossil Fuels: The Indispensable Energy Source for Material Production Challenges in Decarbonizing Material Production The pervasiveness of fossil fuel dependence and its magnitude make decarbonizing the material production industry exceptionally challenging.

The Transition to Greener Steelmaking As the steel industry is responsible for a significant portion of global carbon dioxide and greenhouse gas emissions, transitioning to greener steelmaking processes is essential.

Collaborations for a Low-Carbon Future Innovative collaborations between industry players can help redefine the way the steel industry operates, driving it toward meeting sustainability targets and evolving societal expectations.

The Future of Iron Ore in Infrastructure Development As the demand for infrastructure continues to grow, so too will the need for iron ore. Post navigation MetalQuest Mining Lac Otelnuk Iron Ore Project Overview. Any historical review will, therefore, include discontinuities rather than be a smooth sequential development.

To simplify this review, the history is, therefore, subdivided by building type - mills and industrial buildings, long span roofs such as conservatories, railway stations and exhibition halls, and multi-storey frames. The development of new design forms to take advantage of improvements in material characteristics is traced for each type.

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Tools Software BIM objects Orange Book Roofing configurator Environmental Product Declarations CAD files. Professions Engineers Architects Contractors Investors. Product catalogue Granite® Magnelis® Indaten® HISTAR®. Wrought iron was used for minor structural and decorative elements starting in the 18th century.

Until the midth century, the use of wrought iron in buildings was generally limited to small items such as tie rods, straps, nails, and hardware, or to decorative ironwork in balconies, railings fences and gates. Around its structural use became more widespread as iron mills began to roll rails, bulb-tees, and eventually I-beams.

It was also used for decorative purposes, such as ornamental balconies or hardware. Since wrought iron is handmade, no two pieces are identical. Cast iron was a major 19th century building material of the Industrial Revolution.

Although brittle, it is remarkably strong in compression. It was frequently used for structural purposes, such as columns, building fronts, domes and light courts.

Decorative uses have included stairs, elevators, lintels, grilles, verandas, balconies, railings, fences, streetlights, and tombs. The Bradbury Building is an example of extensive decorative cast iron.

Today, cast iron is used for plumbing fixtures and piping in new construction, and its structural and decorative use is used occasionally through historic preservation practices. Sheet iron can be subject to rapid corrosion, forming rust. Sheet iron was used throughout the 19th century, although it is not clear how widespread sheet iron roofs became.

Steel was introduced to the construction industry at the end of the 19th century. The development of structural steel in the midth century allowed construction of tall buildings. Builders and manufacturers turned to steel, which was stronger than cast iron in compression and wrought iron in tension.

When the Bessemer process was developed in England in , and the open-hearth process was invented, steel was produced in a quantity that allowed it to be economical. Bridges, railroad companies, and skyscrapers were among the first large-scale uses of structural steel.

Although iron and steel are not combustible, they lose strength in a fire if they are not protected from the heat. Ferro concrete, also called reinforced concrete , was developed in the late 19th century when steel wire was added to concrete. Much like copper, Aluminium is highly resistant to corrosion.

It also has the added benefit of being a third lighter than steel with comparable strength. Aluminium can also be easily and repeatedly recycled. Aluminium was unavailable at reasonable cost or in sufficient quantities for general architectural use until after the beginning of the 20th century. Architectural use of aluminum increased in the s, mainly for decorative detailing.

It was used for roofing, flashing, gutters, downspouts, wall panels, and spandrels. Art Deco designs frequently used aluminum for ornamental features. The first extensive use of aluminum in construction was the Empire State Building , where the entire tower portion is aluminum, as well as many decorative features, such as the entrances, elevator doors, ornamental trim, and some 6, window spandrels.

Today, aluminum is used frequently in construction except major structural members. Contents move to sidebar hide. Article Talk. Read Edit View history. Tools Tools. What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Permanent link Page information Cite this page Get shortened URL Download QR code Wikidata item.

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General Kinematics Corporation, incorporated in , was established to market, design, and custom fabricate innovative vibratory equipment for the foundry, recycling, mining, and processing industries. Headquartered in Crystal Lake, IL, General Kinematics has seven global locations providing engineering and support to a world-wide customer base.

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Die Casting vs Sand Die casting involves using high pressure Mass production meant that much of the architecture of this period used iron both decoratively and structurally. Retaining traditional ironwork can be hugely beneficial to the quality and character of a traditional building.

Such period features add to the look and value of a property, and are costly to replace if removed. As well as the cast iron rain goods , iron railings and gates and decorative ironwork that we can see around us, Scotland has much hidden ironwork.

Cast iron in particular was a surprisingly popular choice for shop fronts and lintels, floor support and even entire façades. Technological advances in the s and s enabled the mass production of wrought and cast iron, and iron production became a significant industry in Scotland.

Before this time, large amounts of iron would have been used only for buildings of the highest status. Mass production made it much cheaper. Cast iron began to be used extensively from the s onwards, as Scotland developed into a global centre for such work.

Major architectural iron founders were set up across the central belt, and most towns had a foundry that might make simple products. Iron was soon being used structurally, at first as framing for cotton mills like New Lanark , and later for all kinds of buildings.

Casting is the only way to shape cast iron. First a pattern is made, usually of wood. This is then used to make a mould using special sand. Molten iron is then poured into this mould and left to set.

Wrought iron was manufactured from cast iron through the puddling process heating and repeated hammering by hand.

It is possible to source recycled wrought iron, however. Much boundary ironwork was given up for the war effort, and often little survives other than railing stubs in boundary walls.

Original examples of ironwork were sometimes left in streets for future reference or where removal may have caused a safety hazard.

Cast Metals Federation. Boundary Ironwork. Care and Maintenance of Corrugated Iron. The Maintenance of Cast Iron Rainwater Goods. The Maintenance of Iron Gates and Railings.

Information on building conservation topics for home owners, trades people and building professionals. Information and advice for building professionals, developers, planners and conservation officers.

Historic publications on building materials and techniques. These include historic trade catalogues for things like cast iron goods and prefabricated buildings. The Engine Shed is accredited by the Scottish Qualifications Authority SQA and National Open College Network NOCN.

The Engine Shed was supported by a grant from the National Lottery Heritage Fund. Thanks to National Lottery players, we have been able to share knowledge of traditional building materials, develop skills and raise standards in conservation for traditional buildings.

Skip to main content. Blog Search. Home What's On Find Us Building Advice Building components Building materials Common problems Energy efficiency Publications Learning About Us Contact.

Site Search Search. Home Building Advice Building materials Iron. All sections. Overview Characteristics Inspection Corrosion Preventative maintenance Repair techniques Replacement of elements Painting Permissions for work History Contacts Resources. Overview Overview Cast and wrought iron were popular building materials during the late s and throughout the s.

Characteristics Decorative and architectural ironwork was made using three ferrous metals: cast iron, wrought iron and, less often, mild steel. Cast iron Cast iron is: very strong and hard highly durable able to be cast in intricate shapes more resistant to corrosion than wrought iron Casting uses a pattern, usually made of wood, to make a mould out of special sand.

Wrought iron Wrought iron is iron in its almost pure form. Wrought iron is: a ductile material highly workable fibrous in structure more resistant to corrosion than mild steel Wrought ironwork tends to be quite ornate and delicate, as the material is so workable. Previous Overview Next Inspection.

Inspection Regular checks of ironwork will help you to spot any signs of damage or decay so that you can deal with them promptly. Properties that feature structural ironwork may sometimes need to have a structural appraisal.

Previous Characteristics Next Corrosion. Corrosion Iron corrodes, or rusts, when oxygen and water are present. by the sea corrosive agents in materials next to the iron such as soil, masonry, mortar and concrete a galvanic reaction, caused by using unsuitable fixings or other metals, like mild steel, for repairs Cast iron has far better natural resistance to corrosion than wrought iron, hence the long tradition of using cast iron for quality rainwater goods.

You can remove corrosion using: a wire brush a chisel sandpaper another suitable mechanical means Find out how to paint ironwork. Progress of decay Left untreated, corrosion will continue to eat away at the metal beneath the topmost layers of rust.

Previous Inspection Next Preventative maintenance. Preventative maintenance Iron is a durable material, but various factors can contribute to, and speed up, decay.

Previous Corrosion Next Repair techniques. Repair techniques Proper repair work is important. Examples of inappropriate repairs include: inserted sections made from other metals e. aluminium or mild steel — these will corrode at a faster rate when in direct contact with iron repairs carried out using poor quality welding instead of traditional fire welding or mechanical fixings can cause corrosion using the wrong pattern or shape Mechanical repairs Cracked castings often undergo mechanical repairs rather than hot repairs, as welding can subject cast iron to severe thermal stress and distortions.

Fillers An epoxy-based metal filler can be used to make cosmetic repairs prior to painting. Mechanical strengthening Resin-bonded carbon fibre reinforcement is a modern, reversible technique.

Previous Preventative maintenance Next Replacement of elements. Replacement of elements Iron elements may sometimes need to be replaced if they are missing or can't be repaired. Cast iron replacements You can source matching cast iron parts from foundries specialising in traditional casting.

Wrought iron replacements Where decorative wrought iron has been lost, a replacement can be commissioned from a blacksmith. Haga clic en el botón "Guardar configuración" para aplicar su elección. Functional Our website uses functional cookies.

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Other Our website places 3rd party cookies from other 3rd party services which aren't Analytical, Social media or Advertising. Aceptar todas las Cookies Guardar configuración. Este contenido está bloqueado. View Larger Image. Iron is one of the most important materials in the modern construction industry.

This is then used to make a mould using special sand. Molten iron is then poured into this mould and left to set. Wrought iron was manufactured from cast iron through the puddling process heating and repeated hammering by hand. It is possible to source recycled wrought iron, however.

Much boundary ironwork was given up for the war effort, and often little survives other than railing stubs in boundary walls. Original examples of ironwork were sometimes left in streets for future reference or where removal may have caused a safety hazard.

Cast Metals Federation. Boundary Ironwork. Care and Maintenance of Corrugated Iron. The Maintenance of Cast Iron Rainwater Goods. The Maintenance of Iron Gates and Railings.

Information on building conservation topics for home owners, trades people and building professionals. Information and advice for building professionals, developers, planners and conservation officers. Historic publications on building materials and techniques. These include historic trade catalogues for things like cast iron goods and prefabricated buildings.

The Engine Shed is accredited by the Scottish Qualifications Authority SQA and National Open College Network NOCN. The Engine Shed was supported by a grant from the National Lottery Heritage Fund.

Thanks to National Lottery players, we have been able to share knowledge of traditional building materials, develop skills and raise standards in conservation for traditional buildings.

Skip to main content. Blog Search. Home What's On Find Us Building Advice Building components Building materials Common problems Energy efficiency Publications Learning About Us Contact.

Site Search Search. Home Building Advice Building materials Iron. All sections. Overview Characteristics Inspection Corrosion Preventative maintenance Repair techniques Replacement of elements Painting Permissions for work History Contacts Resources.

Overview Overview Cast and wrought iron were popular building materials during the late s and throughout the s. Characteristics Decorative and architectural ironwork was made using three ferrous metals: cast iron, wrought iron and, less often, mild steel.

Cast iron Cast iron is: very strong and hard highly durable able to be cast in intricate shapes more resistant to corrosion than wrought iron Casting uses a pattern, usually made of wood, to make a mould out of special sand.

Wrought iron Wrought iron is iron in its almost pure form. Wrought iron is: a ductile material highly workable fibrous in structure more resistant to corrosion than mild steel Wrought ironwork tends to be quite ornate and delicate, as the material is so workable.

Previous Overview Next Inspection. Inspection Regular checks of ironwork will help you to spot any signs of damage or decay so that you can deal with them promptly.

Properties that feature structural ironwork may sometimes need to have a structural appraisal. Previous Characteristics Next Corrosion. Corrosion Iron corrodes, or rusts, when oxygen and water are present. by the sea corrosive agents in materials next to the iron such as soil, masonry, mortar and concrete a galvanic reaction, caused by using unsuitable fixings or other metals, like mild steel, for repairs Cast iron has far better natural resistance to corrosion than wrought iron, hence the long tradition of using cast iron for quality rainwater goods.

You can remove corrosion using: a wire brush a chisel sandpaper another suitable mechanical means Find out how to paint ironwork.

Progress of decay Left untreated, corrosion will continue to eat away at the metal beneath the topmost layers of rust. Previous Inspection Next Preventative maintenance. Preventative maintenance Iron is a durable material, but various factors can contribute to, and speed up, decay.

Previous Corrosion Next Repair techniques. Repair techniques Proper repair work is important. Examples of inappropriate repairs include: inserted sections made from other metals e. aluminium or mild steel — these will corrode at a faster rate when in direct contact with iron repairs carried out using poor quality welding instead of traditional fire welding or mechanical fixings can cause corrosion using the wrong pattern or shape Mechanical repairs Cracked castings often undergo mechanical repairs rather than hot repairs, as welding can subject cast iron to severe thermal stress and distortions.

Fillers An epoxy-based metal filler can be used to make cosmetic repairs prior to painting. Mechanical strengthening Resin-bonded carbon fibre reinforcement is a modern, reversible technique.

Previous Preventative maintenance Next Replacement of elements. Replacement of elements Iron elements may sometimes need to be replaced if they are missing or can't be repaired.

Cast iron replacements You can source matching cast iron parts from foundries specialising in traditional casting. Wrought iron replacements Where decorative wrought iron has been lost, a replacement can be commissioned from a blacksmith.

Previous Repair techniques Next Painting. Painting Regular painting will keep ironwork looking good and help to protect it from corrosion. Painting preparation To prepare existing paint that is sound: fill small holes with resin to prevent water seeping in and getting trapped reseal defective joints with linseed and red lead putty remove rust with a wire brush and sandpaper — never just paint over it clean the surface of dirt and grease roughen existing paint with sandpaper to help the new paint stick to it make sure the modern paint you plan to use is compatible with the original paint — check with the paint manufacturer if in doubt Painting For a complete repainting, use: a zinc-based primer as base coat micaceous iron oxide layer two coats of gloss paint Brushes are usually the most effective means of applying paint to ironwork.

Paint thickness is important: several thin coats are more effective than fewer thick coats. Permissions for work You should check whether you must first apply for planning permission or any other type of consent before making any changes to historic ironwork of any kind.

Contact your planning authority to find out more. Painting ironwork of historic interest If ironwork is listed or of special historical interest, the removal of original paint layers will need careful consideration and may merit the analysis of existing paint to work out the original colour scheme used.

Previous Painting Next History. History Cast and wrought iron were popular building materials during the late s and throughout the s. Other architectural uses of iron included: structural columns, beams and girders roofing and ridge cresting railings, gates and finials balconies glasshouses bandstands pre-fabricated iron buildings Iron production Technological advances in the s and s enabled the mass production of wrought and cast iron, and iron production became a significant industry in Scotland.

Previous Permissions for work Next Contacts. Contacts Get in touch if you have any questions. We will be happy to help. We work with companies like elZinc America, VMZinc, Lorin Industries, and Hussey Copper to provide the highest quality architectural products in natural metals. While zinc has been used extensively in Europe for hundreds of years, it is a relatively new building metal in North America, and its potential for robust, beautiful structures is unmatched.

As of , MetalTech Global is the largest stocking center of architectural zinc in North America, with the capability of re-processing sheets and coils for customers on demand. Contact us today for architectural metals, coils, panels, metal fabrication and cutting, folding, and more.

Address Highway 74, S Suite Peachtree City, GA Contact [email protected] Office Hours: Mon — Fri: am — pm Sa: closed So: closed.

Steel Steel is one of the most widely used and often-recycled metals used in construction. Aluminum Aluminum is lightweight and strong with the addition of also being highly resistant to corrosion and harsh climates. Zinc Sometimes called architectural zinc , as well as titanium-zinc alloy, rolled zinc, and zinc strip, is a soft, natural-weathering metal that has been used for centuries in various building envelope applications due to it being one of the most non-corrosive metals on the market.

Copper Copper is the oldest known metal that is still in use today in the construction industry, as well as one of the most versatile engineering materials on the planet. Iron Iron has two different applications in the construction industry, broken down into the categories of wrought iron and cast iron.

MetalTech Global Address Highway 74, S Suite Peachtree City, GA Contact [email protected] Office Hours: Mon — Fri: am — pm Sa: closed So: closed.

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Contact Us. In the first step, it is casted and cooled as ordinary cast iron and then again it is heated to o C and soaked in water for long period several hours or days. Hence, carbon content is slightly reduced and graphite content is precipitated as temper carbon.

This reduce the brittleness of cast iron. So, it can be worked easily using machines. It is used for making pipe fittings, fastenings, automobiles etc. Mottled Cast Iron Mottled iron is the medium stage cast iron which properties are in between grey cast iron and white cast iron.

It has Small amount of graphite in its composition. So, mottled type fractures are developed in its micro structure. Toughened Cast Iron Toughened cast iron is the combination of cast iron and wrought iron. To obtain this wrought iron scrap and cast iron melted together.

The composition of wrought iron is about 0. White Cast Iron It is in silver color. Its melting point is high so, strength wise it is better but not used for delicate casting purposes. Because of its heavy strength, it cannot be used easily.

Ductile Cast Iron Ductile cast iron is also called as spheroidal graphite iron. Its manufacturing process is very easy compared to other types. Its manufacturing process consists manganese treatment which helps to increase the carbon content and opposes the formation of graphite in flaky form.

It has very good engineering properties than malleable cast iron. Ductile cast iron has very good corrosion resistance, high strength and durability. So, usage of ductile iron dominates the other types.

It is used for making sewer pipes, water conveying pipes etc. Chilled Cast Iron Chilled cast iron consists two layers of which one layer has white cast iron properties and other one has grey cast iron properties.

This type of iron is used for casting process in which grey cast iron layer is provided in inner surface and white cast iron layer is provided as outer surface. Hence the casting molds serve longer. Machine parts are also made using chilled cast iron.

Composition of Different Types of Cast Iron Different types of cast iron are composed of different quantities of constituents shown in table below: Properties of Cast Iron as a Building Material The properties of cast iron are as follows Good corrosion resistance, so it can be used for water carrying pipes etc.

Does not get attracted to magnet.