Int J Clin Pract Suppl. Recommended sufficient evidence October The role of exercise for eiabetes loss and maintenance.

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Lifestyle interventions can help in diabetes prevention

Lifestyle interventions for preventing diabetes -

And one in four people who have full-blown diabetes don't know they have it. Research suggests that a healthy lifestyle can prevent diabetes from occurring in the first place — and even reverse its progress.

The Diabetes Prevention Program DPP , a large, long-term study, asked the question: we know an unhealthy diet and lifestyle can cause type 2 diabetes, but can adopting a healthy diet and lifestyle prevent it? This answer is yes: the vast majority of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes can be prevented through diet and lifestyle changes, and this has been proven by 20 years of medical research.

Researchers from the DPP took people at risk for type 2 diabetes and gave them a week diet and lifestyle intervention, a medication metformin , or a placebo a fake pill , to see if anything could lower their risk for developing diabetes.

The very comprehensive diet and lifestyle intervention had the goal of changing participants' daily habits, and included: 16 classes teaching basic nutrition and behavioral strategies for weight loss and physical activity; lifestyle coaches with frequent contact with participants; supervised physical activity sessions; and good clinical support for reinforcing an individualized plan.

Perhaps not surprisingly, the diet and lifestyle intervention was incredibly effective. Men, women, and all racial and ethnic groups had similar results and almost half of participants represented racial and ethnic minorities.

Prim Care Diabetes ; Salinero-Fort MA, Carrillo-de Santa Pau E, Arrieta-Blanco FJ, Abanades-Herranz JC, Martin-Madrazo C, Rodes-Soldevila B, et al. Effectiveness of PRECEDE model for health education on changes and level of control of HbA1c, blood pressure, lipids, and body mass index in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

BMC Public Health ; Sevick MA, Korytkowski M, Stone RA, Piraino B, Ren D, Sereika S, et al. Biophysiologic outcomes of the Enhancing Adherence in Type 2 Diabetes ENHANCE trial. J Acad Nutr Diet ; Sone H, Tanaka S, Iimuro S, Tanaka S, Oida K, Yamasaki Y, et al.

Long-term lifestyle intervention lowers the incidence of stroke in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes: a nationwide multicentre randomised controlled trial the Japan Diabetes Complications Study. Trento M, Passera P, Bajardi M, Tomalino M, Grassi G, Borgo E, et al.

Lifestyle intervention by group care prevents deterioration of type II diabetes: a 4-year randomized controlled clinical trial. Diabetologia ; 9. Uusitupa M, Laitinen J, Siitonen O, Vanninen E, Pyorala K.

The maintenance of improved metabolic control after intensified diet therapy in recent type 2 diabetes. Wisse W, Boer Rookhuizen M, de Kruif MD, van Rossum J, Jordans I, ten Cate H, et al.

Prescription of physical activity is not sufficient to change sedentary behavior and improve glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients. Diabetes Res Clin Pract ;e10 3. The U. Preventive Services Task Force recommends screening for abnormal blood glucose as part of cardiovascular risk assessment in adults aged 40 to 70 years who are overweight or obese.

Clinicians should offer or refer patients with abnormal blood glucose to intensive behavioral counseling interventions to promote a healthful diet and physical activity.

B recommendation: October Healthy People includes the following objectives related to this CPSTF recommendation. This webpage summarizes information available in the CPSTF Findings and Rationale Statement, located under the Snapshot tab. Skip directly to site content Skip directly to search.

Welcome to The Community Guide! Let us know what you think of the website by completing this quick survey. Search The Community Guide. Diabetes Management: Intensive Lifestyle Interventions for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Print.

Minus Related Pages. Snapshot What the CPSTF Found Supporting Materials Considerations for Implementation Summary of CPSTF Finding The Community Preventive Services Task Force CPSTF recommends intensive lifestyle interventions for patients with type 2 diabetes to improve glycemic control and reduce risk factors for cardiovascular disease.

Intervention Intensive lifestyle interventions provide ongoing counseling, coaching, or individualized guidance to patients with type 2 diabetes to help them change their diet, level of physical activity, or both.

Patients must interact with program staff multiple times for a period of six months or longer. CPSTF Finding and Rationale Statement Read the full CPSTF Finding and Rationale Statement for details including implementation issues, possible added benefits, potential harms, and evidence gaps.

Promotional Materials Community Guide News Intensive Lifestyle Interventions Reduce Cardiovascular Risk Among People with Type 2 Diabetes One Pager: Intensive Lifestyle Interventions for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

About The Systematic Review The CPSTF uses recently published systematic reviews to conduct accelerated assessments of interventions that could provide program planners and decision-makers with additional, effective options.

The following published review was selected and evaluated by a team of specialists in systematic review methods, and in research, practice, and policy related to diabetes management Huang XL, Pan JH, Chen D, Chen J, Hu TT.

Summary of Results Detailed results from the systematic review are available in the CPSTF Finding and Rationale Statement. Dietary Programs 3 studies Intensive dietary programs led to favorable changes in reported outcomes. Body Mass Index: non-significant decrease Blood glucose A1c : significant decrease Systolic blood pressure: significant decrease Diastolic blood pressure: significant decrease LDL cholesterol: non-significant decrease HDL cholesterol: significant increase Physical Activity Programs 5 studies Intensive physical activity programs led to favorable changes in reported outcomes.

Body Mass Index: non-significant decrease Blood glucose A1c : significant decrease Systolic blood pressure: non-significant decrease Diastolic blood pressure: significant decrease LDL cholesterol: non-significant decrease HDL cholesterol: non-significant increase.

Summary of Economic Evidence Huang et al. did not consider evidence or information on the economic benefits of these interventions. An economic evaluation of the Look AHEAD trial reported lower health-care costs over 10 years.

Applicability Based on evidence from the review, the CPSTF finding is applicable to interventions offered to adults with type 2 diabetes through healthcare settings in the United States. Evidence Gaps The CPSTF identified several areas that have limited information.

Additional research and evaluation could help answer the following questions and fill remaining gaps in the evidence base. What are evidence gaps? How does effectiveness vary between specific programs in different populations e.

How effective are programs delivered through the internet, email, apps, or social networking? What is the relative effectiveness of individual and group sessions? What structures and systems are needed to maintain program effectiveness and help participants continue their improvements to diet and physical activity following program completion?

What are program attrition rates? Why do participants drop out, and how can they be retained? Are these interventions effective with children and adolescents?

Study Characteristics All included studies were randomized controlled trials. Evaluated interventions provided a median of 11 sessions that were individual 3 studies or a combination of individual and group sessions 4 studies.

Studies evaluated interventions that provided patients specific, tailored instruction on lifestyle changes through multiple interactions over extended periods of time.

Four of the programs provided additional, extended telephone contact and 2 of the programs had frequent, ongoing contact with patients through regular exercise sessions.

The median intervention duration was 12 months. Analytic Framework No content is available for this section. Summary Evidence Table A summary evidence table for this Community Guide review is not available because the CPSTF finding is based on the following published systematic review: Huang XL, Pan JH, Chen D, Chen J, Hu TT.

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