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5 Calcium Deficiency Signs and Prevention - Warning Signs Your Body Needs More CalciumCalcium and aging -
Coordination is directed by the brain, but is affected by changes in the muscles and joints. Changes in the muscles, joints, and bones affect the posture and walk, and lead to weakness and slowed movement. People lose bone mass or density as they age, especially women after menopause.
The bones lose calcium and other minerals. The spine is made up of bones called vertebrae. Between each bone is a gel-like cushion called a disk. With aging, the middle of the body trunk becomes shorter as the disks gradually lose fluid and become thinner.
Vertebrae also lose some of their mineral content, making each bone thinner. The spinal column becomes curved and compressed packed together. Bone spurs caused by aging and overall use of the spine may also form on the vertebrae.
The long bones of the arms and legs are more brittle because of mineral loss, but they do not change length. This makes the arms and legs look longer when compared with the shortened trunk. The joints become stiffer and less flexible.
Fluid in the joints may decrease. The cartilage may begin to rub together and wear away. Minerals may deposit in and around some joints calcification. This is common around the shoulder. Hip and knee joints may begin to lose cartilage degenerative changes.
The finger joints lose cartilage and the bones thicken slightly. Finger joint changes, most often bony swelling called osteophytes, are more common in women. These changes may be inherited. Lean body mass decreases. This decrease is partly caused by a loss of muscle tissue atrophy. The speed and amount of muscle changes seem to be caused by genes.
Muscle changes often begin in the 20s in men and in the 40s in women. Lipofuscin an age-related pigment and fat are deposited in muscle tissue. The muscle fibers shrink. Muscle tissue is replaced more slowly.
Lost muscle tissue may be replaced with a tough fibrous tissue. This is most noticeable in the hands, which may look thin and bony. Muscles are less toned and less able to contract because of changes in the muscle tissue and normal aging changes in the nervous system.
Muscles may become rigid with age and may lose tone, even with regular exercise. Bones become more brittle and may break more easily. Overall height decreases, mainly because the trunk and spine shorten. Breakdown of the joints may lead to inflammation, pain, stiffness, and deformity.
Joint changes affect almost all older people. These changes range from minor stiffness to severe arthritis. The posture may become more stooped bent.
The knees and hips may become more flexed. The neck may tilt, and the shoulders may narrow while the pelvis becomes wider. Movement slows and may become limited. The walking pattern gait becomes slower and shorter.
Walking may become unsteady, and there is less arm swinging. Older people get tired more easily and have less energy. Osteoporosis is a common problem, especially for older women.
Bones break more easily. Compression fractures of the vertebrae can cause pain and reduce mobility. Muscle weakness contributes to fatigue, weakness, and reduced activity tolerance. Joint problems ranging from mild stiffness to debilitating arthritis osteoarthritis are very common.
The risk of injury increases because gait changes , instability, and loss of balance may lead to falls. Some older people have reduced reflexes.
This is most often caused by changes in the muscles and tendons, rather than changes in the nerves. Decreased knee jerk or ankle jerk reflexes can occur. Some changes, such as a positive Babinski reflex , are not a normal part of aging. Involuntary movements muscle tremors and fine movements called fasciculations are more common in the older people.
Older people who are not active may have weakness or abnormal sensations paresthesias. People who are unable to move on their own, or who do not stretch their muscles with exercise, may get muscle contractures.
Exercise is one of the best ways to slow or prevent problems with the muscles, joints, and bones. A moderate exercise program can help you maintain strength, balance, and flexibility.
Exercise helps the bones stay strong. It is important to eat a well-balanced diet with plenty of calcium. Women need to be particularly careful to get enough calcium and vitamin D as they age.
Postmenopausal women and men over age 70 should take in 1, mg of calcium per day. Women and men over age 70 should get international units IU of vitamin D daily. If you have osteoporosis, talk to your provider about prescription treatments.
If you've ever watched an apartment or office building under construction, you've seen the metal scaffolding that keeps the building standing upright.
Inside your body, bones are the scaffolding that keep you standing upright. As you get older, these supports can weaken. And if they get too weak, you could wind up with a fracture.
Let's talk about the bone-thinning condition called osteoporosis. Your internal scaffolding was built when you were young. Calcium and other minerals helped strengthen your bones, provided that you got enough of them from your diet.
As you get older, those minerals can start to leech out of your bones, leaving them brittle, fragile, and easily breakable, a condition known as osteoporosis. Women over 50 are especially at risk for osteoporosis because during menopause they lose estrogen, which helps to keep bones strong.
The tricky part about osteoporosis is that it's hard to tell you have it. You may not have any symptoms until you've already fractured a bone. Getting a bone density scan, which measures bone thickness, is one way to find out whether you have osteoporosis so you can start treatment right away if you need it.
To keep your bones strong, try to get at least 1, milligrams of calcium daily, paired with 1, international units of vitamin D, which helps your body absorb calcium. You can eat foods that are high in these nutrients, like frozen yogurt, salmon, and low-fat milk, or, if you're not a big fan of fish or dairy, you can take supplements.
Weight bearing exercise is also your ally when it comes to strengthening bones. A combination of weight bearing exercises like walking or playing tennis, plus strength training and balance exercises will reduce your risk of getting a fracture if you fall.
You will want to get at least thirty minutes of exercise three times a week to see the benefits. And, stop smoking. Cigarette smoke both accelerates bone loss and blocks treatments from being as affective.
If you've been diagnosed with osteoporosis, your doctor may recommend drugs called bisphosphonates to prevent further bone damage. Other medicines, including calcitonin, parathyroid hormone, and raloxifene are also treatment options.
Don't let bone loss get so far along that you could have a disabling fracture from a minor fall. Start strengthening your bones with diet and exercise while you're still young.
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Callcium Balzer. Questions about Treating sun damage supplements for older Electrolyte Drink Calcium and aging Cwlcium the news. Recent studies published in the British Medical Journal found that extra dietary calcium intake was not associated with fracture reduction and increasing dietary calcium intake does not prevents fractures. However, says Mayo Clinic endocrinologist Dr. Robert WermersAmericans aren't getting enough calcium in their diet.
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