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Interpreting DEXA scan results - DEXA scan body fat resultsDEXA scan for assessing body fat distribution -
Book Your DEXA scan today! At The Bone Wellness Centre, the DEXA scan typically takes between 6 to 12 minutes to complete. During this time, you will be asked to lie on a flat table while a scanner arm moves over your body to capture images. You will be with us for 30 minutes in duration.
This includes the scan, analysis, immediate results and discussion of your data. DEXA uses a 3-Dimensional model to measure body fat. It directly measures the percent body fat for the entire body and sub-regions.
The total body composition test looks at fat distribution using the android waist to gynoid hip ratio. Carrying too much fat in the wrong areas can increase your chance of serious health problems. Total Body Composition Scans provide far more complete and precise information to help support diagnoses, guide treatment, and even help athletes decide on the training regimens they use to achieve the best performance.
DEXA boasts accuracy, reproducibility, safety, speed and simplicity. No other technique can match the results obtained from DEXA. Measurements of body composition help show how lean mass and body fat change during health and disease. Skin callipers: Measures only fat under the skin, high likelihood of technical error, not good for lean or obese people.
Bioelectrical impedance analysis BIA : High rate of false positive and false negative results, too many variables to control. Underwater Weighting: Being submerged in water requires heavy equipment and is time-consuming.
Bod Pod: Only a two-dimensional reading based on air displacement, not readily available, very expensive. CT: Very high dose of radiation and expensive, not readily available for body fat measurement.
MRI: Extremely expensive, not readily available for body fat measurement. Body weight alone is not a clear indicator of good health because it does not distinguish how many pounds are fat and how many are lean body mass. It is not the amount of weight measured but the amount of fat in the body that is potentially dangerous to health.
Inadequate body fat can lead to malnutrition, osteoporosis, or anorexia. You will have to contact your insurance provider regarding coverage. If you have a healthcare spending account, the cost may be reimbursed. DEXA Scans are extremely low in exposure, less than a flight from Toronto to Vancouver and less than natural background radiation for the day!
Radiation Effective dose uSv Government of Canada — Radiation Doses. Metal inside the body will be added as bone and will be consistent from scan to scan and comparative results will be valid. Implants will lean out DEXA measurements; they will decrease the body fat. If the implant is filled with silicone, the body fat will be impacted more than if the filler material is saline.
As long as the implants remain in the body, the results can be compared. If the implants are removed, a new baseline scan would be required. It is best to have normal hydration levels for the scan. Water is not fat or bone mineral content and is thus added to lean tissue. If one is extremely dehydrated or fasting for long periods prior to the scan, then this can reduce the total lean tissue values.
If one is extremely hydrated, then this can increase the lean tissue values. DEXA scans use a very low level of x-ray consisting of two different beams. One is a higher energy beam, while the other is a lower intensity. The lower intensity beam is only absorbed by soft tissue muscle and fat , where as the higher intensity beam gets absorbed both by bones and by soft tissue.
These differences in absorption are used to determine bone mineral density BMD and body composition values. The following DEXA sample scans depict how muscle mass, body fat, and bone density are highlighted and compared. See how these factors play out for obese individuals compared to athletes and bodybuilders.
By clearly representing your body fat and muscle composition, you can make serious steps to improve your health, fitness level, and diet accordingly. This gold standard measurement instills the reality check to evaluate your true measured results.
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Email Us [email protected]. DEXA SCAN At The Bone Wellness Centre Toronto! Book An Appointment. What is a DEXA Scan?
So why wait? Schedule your DEXA Body Fat Scan now! This guides one in knowing how many calories one can take to increase or decrease their weight healthily.
DEXA Scan measures the abdominal fat and looks at the fat distribution using the android waist to gynoid hip ratio.
It provides you with an in-depth analysis of your fat tissue, lean mass and bone density. Due to its open design patients can comfortably enjoy the test without feeling claustrophobic.
It works by sending dual low power x-ray beams that can accurately and precisely differentiate between bone mineral, lean mass and fat mass. Example analysis from a DXA scan PDF. Dual X-ray Absorptiometry DXA is a quick and pain free scan that can tell you a lot about your body.
The main goal of the DXA is to provide you with an in-depth analysis of the main components of your body; fat, muscle and bone. After the scan, you will be given a multi-paged print out where you will see percentages, mass, and images accounting for the various data obtained.
The great thing about the DXA scan is that it requires very minimal preparation. For more accurate results you should make sure you are well hydrated and not have any food in your stomach at least 3 hours since your last meal.
It is also important to not take calcium supplements 24 hours prior to your test to ensure accurate bone density readings. Upon arriving at our medical office you will be greeted and taken back to meet with the licensed technologist who will perform your scan for you.
After measuring your height and weight, you will be asked to lie down and get comfortable and the scan will begin. The scan takes 6 minutes. Once the scan is over you will be able to sit down with the exercise specialist to go over your results.
Your results will be explained to you and suggestions will be given according to goals that you have i. You will be able to keep your packet of results as a reference in the case that a follow up is desired in the future.
Note: it is beneficial to do this scan every months for body composition and every year if you are looking to modify something specific such as bone density. Because this test gives so much detailed information regarding various components in your body, it is a scan that can be used for anyone.
Athletes can get this scan done if they are curious to track their muscle mass as well as overall fat percentage. Due to its broad uses, the average person who is simply curious about their health could get this scan in order to gain insight regarding their body composition.
Tacchino RM, Mancini A, Perrelli M, Bianchi A, Giampietro A, Milardi D, Vezzosi C, Sacco E, De Marinis L: Body composition and energy expenditure: Relationship and changes in obese subjects before and after biliopancreatic diversion. Sun G, French CR, Martin GR, Younghusband B, Green RC, Xie YG, Mathews M, Barron JR, Fitzpatrick DG, Gulliver W, Zhang H: Comparison of multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry for assessment of percentage body fat in a large, healthy population.
Fogelholm GM, Sievanen HT, van Marken Lichtenbelt WD, Westerterp KR: Assessment of fat-mass loss during weight reduction in obese women. Ilich JZ, Zito M, Brownbill RA, Joyce ME: Change in bone mass after Colles' fracture: A case report of unique data collection and long-term implications.
Kiebzak GM, Leamy LJ, Pierson LM, Nord RH, Zhang ZY: Measurement precision of body composition variables using the lunar DPX-L densitometer. Park Y-W, Heymsfield SB, Gallagher D: Are dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry regional estimates associated with visceral adipose tissue mass?.
Snijder MB, Visser M, Dekker JM, Seidell JC, Fuerst T, Tylavsky F: The prediction of visceral fat by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry in the elderly: a comparison with computed tomography and anthropometry. Bertin E, Marcus C, Ruiz J-C, Eschard J-P, Leutenegger M: Measurement of visceral adipose tissue by DXA combined with anthropometry in obese humans.
Visser M, Fuerst T, Lang T, Salamone L, Harris T: Validity of fan-beam dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry for measuring fat-free mass and leg muscle mass. Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study — Dual Energy Absorptiometry and Body Composition Working Group. Tataranni PA, Ravussin E: Use of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in obese individuals.
Tothill P, Laskey MA, Orphanidou CI, van Wijk M: Anomalies in dual energy x-ray absorptiometry measurements of total-body bone mineral during weight change using Lunar, Hologic and Norland instruments.
Br J Radiol. Tothill P, Hannan WJ, Wilkinson S: Comparisons between a pencil beam and two fan beam dual energy x-ray absorptiometers used for measuring total body bone and soft tissue. Download references. School of Allied Health, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, , USA.
You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar. Correspondence to Jasminka Z Ilich. RAB wrote article drafts and evaluated the cited literature. JZI conceptualized the idea and the design of the article, revised the manuscript and completed the final version.
Both authors read and approved the final manuscript. Reprints and permissions. Brownbill, R. Measuring body composition in overweight individuals by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry.
BMC Med Imaging 5 , 1 Download citation. Received : 25 October Accepted : 04 March Published : 04 March Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:. Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article.
Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. Skip to main content. Search all BMC articles Search. Download PDF. Discussion We discuss proper ways of measuring overweight individuals and point to some studies where that might not have been the case.
Summary Researchers using bone densitometers for body composition measurements need to have an understanding of its limitations in overweight individuals and address them appropriately when interpreting their results. Background Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry DXA is widely used by clinicians and researchers for evaluation of bone status and soft tissue composition.
Table 1 Weight limits and table dimensions of full-size densitometers of various manufactures and models Full size table. Figure 1. Full size image. Figure 2. References Bonnick SL: Densitometry Techniques.
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Article CAS Google Scholar Tacchino RM, Mancini A, Perrelli M, Bianchi A, Giampietro A, Milardi D, Vezzosi C, Sacco E, De Marinis L: Body composition and energy expenditure: Relationship and changes in obese subjects before and after biliopancreatic diversion.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Sun G, French CR, Martin GR, Younghusband B, Green RC, Xie YG, Mathews M, Barron JR, Fitzpatrick DG, Gulliver W, Zhang H: Comparison of multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry for assessment of percentage body fat in a large, healthy population.
CAS PubMed Google Scholar Fogelholm GM, Sievanen HT, van Marken Lichtenbelt WD, Westerterp KR: Assessment of fat-mass loss during weight reduction in obese women. Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Ilich JZ, Zito M, Brownbill RA, Joyce ME: Change in bone mass after Colles' fracture: A case report of unique data collection and long-term implications.
Article CAS Google Scholar Kiebzak GM, Leamy LJ, Pierson LM, Nord RH, Zhang ZY: Measurement precision of body composition variables using the lunar DPX-L densitometer. Article CAS Google Scholar Park Y-W, Heymsfield SB, Gallagher D: Are dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry regional estimates associated with visceral adipose tissue mass?.
Article Google Scholar Snijder MB, Visser M, Dekker JM, Seidell JC, Fuerst T, Tylavsky F: The prediction of visceral fat by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry in the elderly: a comparison with computed tomography and anthropometry.
Article CAS Google Scholar Bertin E, Marcus C, Ruiz J-C, Eschard J-P, Leutenegger M: Measurement of visceral adipose tissue by DXA combined with anthropometry in obese humans. Article CAS Google Scholar Visser M, Fuerst T, Lang T, Salamone L, Harris T: Validity of fan-beam dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry for measuring fat-free mass and leg muscle mass.
CAS PubMed Google Scholar Tataranni PA, Ravussin E: Use of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in obese individuals. CAS PubMed Google Scholar Tothill P, Laskey MA, Orphanidou CI, van Wijk M: Anomalies in dual energy x-ray absorptiometry measurements of total-body bone mineral during weight change using Lunar, Hologic and Norland instruments.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Tothill P, Hannan WJ, Wilkinson S: Comparisons between a pencil beam and two fan beam dual energy x-ray absorptiometers used for measuring total body bone and soft tissue. View author publications. Additional information Competing interests The author s declare that they have no competing interests.
Authors' contributions RAB wrote article drafts and evaluated the cited literature. Rights and permissions Reprints and permissions.
bone-composition Body Composition Dexa Scan Distgibution composition analysis, also known as a DXA or dexa scan, provides information boey your Non-allergic laundry detergents density, body fat, Nutritional weight control zcan mass, and is helpful when evaluating Hody of physical fitness. Dexa body composition analysis also delivers precise distributtion of segmental assewsing fat distribution in regions such as the arms, legs, waist androidhips gynoidand trunk torso. Subcutaneous fat is the kind you can grasp with your hand; whereas visceral fat lies deep within your abdominal cavity, around organs like your heart or liver. Dexa scans do not provide an analysis of visceral fat, but they can be valuable for patients and athletes continually trying to improve their overall health and physique. Physicians concerned about health conditions related to visceral accumulation such as a fatty liver will likely refer their patient for another form of medical imaging such as MRICTor shear-wave elastography ultrasound.DEXA scan for assessing body fat distribution -
Fat Mass Index FMI : The total amount of fat you have in kilograms relative to your height in meters 2. It is a measure of how much total fat you have, relative to your size and independent of lean mass.
Visceral Adipose Tissue VAT : VAT is a hormonally active component of total body fat. The measurement reflects the amount of internal abdominal fat around the organs. This is different than subcutaneous fat, which lies beneath the skin.
Increased VAT has a high correlation to cardiovascular and metabolic disease risk. Current research shows and elevated risk at around cm 2 and. It describes where the fat is stored.
Android apple shape refers to having most of the fat around the stomach and mid-section. Gynoid pear shape refers to having the fat stored around the hips.
A bigger number means more android and a smaller number means more gynoid. From a health risk standpoint, ideal values are believed to be less than 0.
Fat Free Mass Index FFMI : The amount of mass that is not fat, relative to your height. This includes muscle, bone, organs and connective tissue. It can be used to gauge relative muscle mass in lean individuals. Skeletal Muscle Mass SMM : An estimate of the total amount of skeletal muscle you have.
Because muscle has approximately the same density as other organs liver, skin, etc… and other types of muscle heart, smooth muscle, etc… we are not able to directly the amount of skeletal muscle you have. This is true of any commercially available body composition measurement bioelectrical impedance, underwater weighing.
However, several scientific studies have been performed that demonstrate good accuracy between our estimated SMM and that measured by MRI or CT scanning. Cut points in research are generally around 5.
Cut points in research are generally around 0. Resting Metabolic Rate RMR : The number of calories the body needs to maintain its current mass under resting conditions.
The value provided by the DXA scan is estimated from the amounts of different tissues, and tissue specific metabolic rates. Bone Density: Shows how dense the bones are and can be used to assess the risk of osteopenia and osteoporosis.
The z-score compares your bone density to what is normal for people similar in age and body size. The t-score compares your bone density to that of a year-old. Anything higher than Between Anything under UC Davis Health School of Medicine Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing News Careers Giving.
menu icon Menu. Female percentile tables for Fat Mass Index and Lean Mass Index. Using the male tables below, average muscle mass for a man in his thirties would mean a lean mass index of Male percentile tables for Fat Mass Index and Lean Mass Index.
Your FMI and LMI are the best numbers to use for setting fat-loss and muscle-gain targets. Specific, measurable targets that you can track over time. Within the report, a DEXA scan shows three results that inform us directly of your fat distribution.
The fat distribution results are ratios that compare body fat in different parts of the body. This is the ratio of your body fat percentage in the android belly region compared to the gynoid hips and thighs region.
From a health perspective it is desirable that all these results are not greater than 1. Higher numbers tell us that you are carrying proportionally too much fat in the belly region but beware — remember these points:.
Visceral fat is fat stored around the internal organs and is associated with a range of serious diseases, including heart disease, colon cancer, stroke, type-2 diabetes and even dementia. Whilst it is not a direct measurement of fat surrounding your organs you will need an MRI or CT scan to see that level of detail , the DEXA scan result obtained by measuring internal fat in a sliver of your belly is closely correlated with CT-scan results and is very consistent.
A result below is considered normal and the lower the better but the significance of your score varies by age, sex, ethnicity and lifestyle. Your score may be below but it could actually be high for you. Again, you will need an expert interpretation to put your result into context. DEXA was invented to measure bone density and detect osteopenia and osteoporosis but bone scans are different to body scans.
A DEXA body scan will provide a good indication of your bone density but it is only that — an indication.
It is not a definitive, diagnosable result upon which a doctor would make any firm decisions. However, if the indication was unusually high or low then we would advise you to see your GP or get specialist advice.
As you can see, a DEXA scan, expertly interpreted and explained, gives you a huge amount of meaningful information that you can use to achieve a healthier body composition. Get in touch with us today to book yourself a DEXA scan.
Bodyscan Ltd © Mailing address: Bodyscan at London Medical, 49 Marylebone High Street, London W1U 5HJ Email: [email protected] Phone: Company no: What Does A DEXA Scan Show Me?
Go beyond assessinb a BMI and get your assessjng Nutritional weight control performance aft well Gluten-free bread with a full body DEXA Scan. Nutritional weight control a full report on your muscle mass vs fat, bone density and more! Book an appointment today. A DEXA Full Body Composition Scan allows you to take the guesswork out of establishing your baseline health and fitness level to allow you to optimize your performance. By performing DEXA Scans regularly over time, you can more accurately measure progress against your original baseline report.
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