Respiratory health for children -
Read more about reducing your exposure to air pollution. You can also:. Their physical and mental health also depends on a healthy lifestyle, so a balanced diet is important. You should encourage your children to eat lots of fruit and vegetables. The NHS has more information on choosing the right diet and getting active.
The NHS also has help for eating healthy during pregnancy. Studies have shown that keeping fit during childhood can lead to better lung function in adulthood and lessen the chance of your child going on to develop a lung condition.
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Common conditions Asthma Bronchiectasis COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Coronavirus COVID Featured pages Flu vaccines How to use your inhaler Air pollution Benefits and financial support when you have a lung condition. Has your child had surgery in the past 2 weeks?
Does your baby seem sick? A sick baby probably will not be acting normally. For example, the baby may be much fussier than usual or not want to eat. How sick do you think your baby is? Extremely sick. Baby is sick sleepier than usual, not eating or drinking like usual. Is your baby having trouble breathing?
Sometimes babies may have trouble breathing because of a stuffy nose. If your baby's nose is stuffy, clearing the nose with a rubber bulb may help.
Would you describe the breathing problem as severe, moderate, or mild? Is your child having trouble breathing more than a stuffy nose? The symptoms of difficulty breathing in an older child may be different than symptoms in a baby or young child.
Is your child drooling and unable to swallow, cry, or make sounds? Does your child have a chronic health problem that affects his or her breathing, such as asthma? A breathing problem may be more of a concern if your child normally does not have breathing problems.
Is the problem your child is having right now different than what you are used to? Is your child's ability to breathe:. Getting worse? Staying about the same not better or worse? Getting better? Quickly getting worse within minutes or hours? Slowly getting worse over days?
Does your child make a harsh, high-pitched sound when he or she breathes in? This often occurs with a loud cough that sounds like a barking seal.
Does your child have symptoms of a serious illness? The symptoms in a baby are different than the symptoms in an older child. Do you think your baby has a fever? Did you take your child's temperature? This is the only way to be sure that a baby this age does not have a fever. If you don't know the temperature, it's safest to assume the baby has a fever and needs to be seen by a doctor.
Any problem that causes a fever at this age could be serious. Rectal temperatures are the most accurate. Taking an axillary armpit temperature is also an option. Is it 38°C This would be an axillary temperature of Do you think your child has a fever?
How high is the fever? The answer may depend on how you took the temperature. NOTE : Most people have an average body temperature of about 37°C But it can vary by a degree or more and still be considered normal. But be sure to watch for other symptoms.
High: 40°C °F or higher, oral. Moderate: 38°C Mild: How high do you think the fever is? Mild or low. How long has your child had a fever? Less than 2 days 48 hours. From 2 days to less than 1 week. Does your child have a health problem or take medicine that weakens his or her immune system?
Does your child have shaking chills or very heavy sweating? Shaking chills are a severe, intense form of shivering. Heavy sweating means that sweat is pouring off the child or soaking through his or her clothes. Does your child have a cough? When your child is coughing, does his or her face turn blue or purple?
Has the coughing been so bad that it has made your baby vomit? Is your baby coughing up blood? Is your baby eating less than usual? Has your baby had a cough for more than 1 full day 24 hours? Is your child coughing up mucus, phlegm say "flem" , or blood from the lungs? This is called a productive cough.
Mucus or blood draining down the throat from the nose because of a cold, a nosebleed, or allergies is not the same thing. Is your child coughing up blood? How much blood is there? Thin streaks of blood. More than just streaks. Has this been going on for more than 2 days?
Has the coughing been so bad that it has made your child vomit? Has your child had a cough for more than 2 weeks? Did the symptoms start after your child took a new medicine?
Do not give your child any more of the medicine until you have talked to the child's doctor. Does your child have a runny nose? Does your baby have trouble eating or sleeping because of a runny, stuffy nose? Is there thick, yellow drainage coming from your child's nose?
Has your child had the nasal drainage for more than 2 days? Is your child acting sicker than you would expect if he or she had a minor illness, like a cold? Does your child have a runny nose, watery eyes, and a lot of sneezing without other cold symptoms?
Have your child's symptoms lasted longer than 2 weeks? These include: Your age. Babies and older adults tend to get sicker quicker. Your overall health. If you have a condition such as diabetes, HIV, cancer, or heart disease, you may need to pay closer attention to certain symptoms and seek care sooner.
Medicines you take. Certain medicines, such as blood thinners anticoagulants , medicines that suppress the immune system like steroids or chemotherapy, or natural health products can cause symptoms or make them worse.
Recent health events , such as surgery or injury. These kinds of events can cause symptoms afterwards or make them more serious. Your health habits and lifestyle , such as eating and exercise habits, smoking, alcohol or drug use, sexual history, and travel.
Try Home Treatment You have answered all the questions. Try home treatment to relieve the symptoms. Call your doctor if symptoms get worse or you have any concerns for example, if symptoms are not getting better as you would expect. You may need care sooner. For example: You may feel a little out of breath but still be able to talk mild difficulty breathing , or you may be so out of breath that you cannot talk at all severe difficulty breathing.
It may be getting hard to breathe with activity mild difficulty breathing , or you may have to work very hard to breathe even when you're at rest severe difficulty breathing.
For example: The child may be breathing a little faster than usual mild difficulty breathing , or the child may be having so much trouble that the nostrils are flaring and the belly is moving in and out with every breath severe difficulty breathing. The child may seem a little out of breath but is still able to eat or talk mild difficulty breathing , or the child may be breathing so hard that he or she cannot eat or talk severe difficulty breathing.
Severe trouble breathing means: The child cannot eat or talk because he or she is breathing so hard. The child's nostrils are flaring and the belly is moving in and out with every breath. The child seems to be tiring out. The child seems very sleepy or confused. Moderate trouble breathing means: The child is breathing a lot faster than usual.
The child has to take breaks from eating or talking to breathe. The nostrils flare or the belly moves in and out at times when the child breathes. Mild trouble breathing means: The child is breathing a little faster than usual. The child seems a little out of breath but can still eat or talk.
If you're not sure if a child's fever is high, moderate, or mild, think about these issues: With a high fever : The child feels very hot. It is likely one of the highest fevers the child has ever had. With a moderate fever : The child feels warm or hot.
You are sure the child has a fever. With a mild fever : The child may feel a little warm. You think the child might have a fever, but you're not sure. Oral by mouth , ear, or rectal temperature High: 40° C ° F and higher Moderate: 38° C Armpit axillary temperature High: Some examples in children are: Diseases such as diabetes, cystic fibrosis, sickle cell disease, and congenital heart disease.
Steroid medicines, which are used to treat a variety of conditions. Medicines taken after organ transplant. Chemotherapy and radiation therapy for cancer.
Not having a spleen. Symptoms of serious illness in a baby may include the following: The baby is limp and floppy like a rag doll. The baby doesn't respond at all to being held, touched, or talked to. The baby is hard to wake up. Symptoms of serious illness may include: A severe headache.
A stiff neck. Mental changes, such as feeling confused or much less alert. Extreme fatigue to the point where it's hard for you to function. Shaking chills. To use the bulb : Put a few saline nose drops in each side of the baby's nose before you start.
Position the baby with his or her head tilted slightly back. Squeeze the round base of the bulb. Gently insert the tip of the bulb tightly inside the baby's nose. Release the bulb to remove suction mucus from the nose. A baby that is extremely sick : May be limp and floppy like a rag doll. May not respond at all to being held, touched, or talked to.
May be hard to wake up. A baby that is sick but not extremely sick : May be sleepier than usual. May not eat or drink as much as usual. Seek Care Now Based on your answers, you may need care right away. Call your doctor now to discuss the symptoms and arrange for care.
If you cannot reach your doctor or you don't have one, seek care in the next hour. You do not need to call an ambulance unless: You cannot travel safely either by driving yourself or by having someone else drive you.
You are in an area where heavy traffic or other problems may slow you down. Call Now Based on your answers, you need emergency care. Make an Appointment Based on your answers, the problem may not improve without medical care.
Make an appointment to see your doctor in the next 1 to 2 weeks. If appropriate, try home treatment while you are waiting for the appointment. If symptoms get worse or you have any concerns, call your doctor. Seek Care Today Based on your answers, you may need care soon. Call your doctor today to discuss the symptoms and arrange for care.
If you cannot reach your doctor or you don't have one, seek care today. If it is evening, watch the symptoms and seek care in the morning. If the symptoms get worse, seek care sooner.
Respiratory Problems, Age 12 and Older. Self-Care Most children have 7 to 10 mild upper respiratory infections each year. Control the room temperature. Keep the head of the bed propped up. Raise the head of your child's bed a little bit if they are older than 12 months.
Don't raise the mattress. Place blocks under the frame. Prevent dehydration. Let your baby breastfeed more often, or give your baby extra bottles. Liquids may help thin the mucus and also reduce a fever if your child has one. Don't wake up your child during naps or at night to take fluids.
Don't force your child to take fluids. This could cause your child to vomit. Give your child extra cuddling and distraction. Let your child get extra rest to fight the infection. Don't give your child leftover antibiotics or antibiotics or other medicines prescribed for someone else.
Try moist air. Treat a stuffy nose. Use saline nose drops to help with nasal congestion. Use a rubber bulb to suction the nose sparingly. It will help reduce nasal drainage if your baby is having trouble breastfeeding or bottle-feeding or seems to be short of breath.
Babies often don't like having their noses suctioned with a rubber bulb. Don't give your child oral antihistamines or decongestants. These medicines may not be safe for children younger than age 6 or for people who have certain health problems. Before you use them, check the label.
If you do use these medicines, always follow the directions about how much to use based on age and, in some cases, weight. You may need to check with your doctor about using these medicines. Ease your child's cough.
Honey or lemon juice in hot water or tea may help a dry cough. Do not give honey to a child younger than 1 year old. It may have bacteria that are harmful to babies. Be careful with cough and cold medicines. Don't give them to children younger than 6.
They don't work for children that age and can even be harmful. For children 6 and older, always follow all the instructions carefully. Make sure that you know how much medicine to give and how long to use it.
And use the dosing device if one is included. If your child has a barking cough during the night, you can help your child breathe better. Use a humidifier or run a hot shower in the bathroom to make the air moist.
Using decongestants Here are some precautions to take when using decongestants.
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Indicators H1 and H2 present data on asthma prevalence for children from the National Health Interview Survey.
Indicator H3 presents data on children's emergency room visits and hospitalizations from the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey and the National Hospital Discharge Survey. More information about respiratory diseases and Indicators H1, H2, and H3 is provided in the Respiratory Diseases section of America's Children and the Environment, Third Edition pdf 1.
The National Center for Health Statistics, a division of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, conducts the National Health Interview Survey NHISa series of annual U. national surveys of the health status of the non-institutionalized civilian population.
Indicator H1 uses the NHIS data to present the percentages of children ages 0 to 17 years ever diagnosed with asthma that also had an asthma attack in the previous 12 months, and of children that currently have asthma. For these indicators we used the responses to the following questions:.
The National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey NHAMCS and the National Hospital Discharge Survey NHDS are both conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics. These surveys provide national data on emergency room visits and hospitalizations. The NHAMCS collects data for physician diagnoses for visits to hospital emergency rooms and outpatient departments, and the NHDS reports physician diagnoses for discharges from hospitals.
The diagnoses in both surveys include asthma and a number of other respiratory conditions. Both surveys exclude federal and military hospitals and report patient demographic information.
Indicator H3 uses the NHAMCS and NHDS data to present emergency room visits and hospitalizations for asthma and other respiratory conditions including bronchitis, pneumonia, and influenza for children ages 0 to 17 years.
The following data tables are available to view and export for analysis and visualization. Right click the table for exporting options. Percentage of children ages 0 to 17 years with current asthma, by sex, Percentage of children ages 0 to 17 years with asthma, Skip to main content.
America's Children and the Environment ACE. Contact Us. More ACE Indicators Biomonitoring Environments and Contaminants Health Respiratory Diseases Childhood Cancer Neurodevelopmental Disorders Obesity Adverse Birth Outcomes Supplementary Topics.
Data characterization Data for this indicator are obtained from an ongoing annual survey conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics. Survey data are representative of the U. civilian noninstitutionalized population. A parent or other knowledgeable adult in each sampled household is asked questions regarding the child's health status, including if they have ever been told the child has asthma, if the child has had an asthma attack in the past year, and if the child currently has asthma.
civilian non-institutionalized population. Data characterization Data for this indicator are obtained from two surveys conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics.
The survey used to collect data on emergency room visits has been ongoing annually since The survey used to collect data on hospitalizations ran from to Survey data are representative of U. population visits to emergency rooms and stays at non-federal hospitals. The surveys collect data on physician diagnoses of patients in sampled hospitals, including diagnoses of asthma and other respiratory conditions.
The trends in the rates of emergency room visits for different respiratory disease categories may have been affected by changes in the International Classification of Diseases diagnosis codes between the 9th revision used up to and the 10th revision used in Contact Us to ask a question, provide feedback, or report a problem.
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| Health - Respiratory Diseases | US EPA | Check Your Symptoms Does your child have a respiratory problem? Medicines you take. The child's nostrils are flaring and the belly is moving in and out with every breath. The lungs are covered by a thin lining called the pleura say: PLUR-uh. Symptoms associated with both mild and more severe manifestations of these respiratory conditions include cough, wheeze, congestion, chest pain, shortness of breath, respiratory distress, and possibly death in the most extreme cases. Certain health conditions and medicines weaken the immune system's ability to fight off infection and illness. |
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