People Pycnogenol and cholesterol combined creatine and Creatine for improving memory exhibited better Crsatine sugar control than those who only exercised Creatinr Rawson ES, Lieberman HR, Walsh TM, Zuber SM, Harhart JM, Matthews TC. The influence of creatine supplementation on the cognitive functioning of vegetarians and omnivores. Article PubMed Google Scholar Brosnan ME, Brosnan JT. Article PubMed Google Scholar Pires LAM, Forbes SC, Candow DG, Machado M. Creatinine Blood Test.

Creatine for improving memory -

Memory — the ability to process and retain information — consumes a lot of energy, and thus creatine supplementation for memory has been under study. After looking at multiple studies, the researchers found that, overall, creatine supplementation improved memory as compared to placebo.

Analyzing by subgroup showed that older adults had significant memory improvement as compared to younger adults. Additionally, the duration of treatment and gender did not seem to influence the results.

The researchers looked at 10 different randomized controlled trials — in which participants are randomly selected for treatment or placebo to help minimize bias when investigating a new treatment — covering participants, split between placebo and treatment.

The studies were conducted around the world — in the United Kingdom, New Zealand, Brazil, and the United States — as well as in both sexes and across various age ranges.

The minimum length of creatine supplementation was 5 days, and the maximum was 24 weeks, with a slew of time points in between. Most used creatine monohydrate in powder form, and one used encapsulated creatine.

The investigators used a variety of memory assessment tools, which asked participants to recall numbers, letters, or block sequences after having some time to memorize them.

They found that memory performance improved with creatine use. Prokopidis and colleagues also looked at subgroup analysis, separating the study groups by age, dosage, treatment duration, and gender.

By doing so, they found that creatine was not associated with memory improvements in younger individuals ages , but rather only in older adults ages Furthermore, higher doses of creatine — above 5 grams — did not lead to increased memory improvement.

Neither treatment duration nor gender affected results. Prokopidis and colleagues show here that across 10 placebo-controlled studies, there seems to be memory improvement when healthy individuals are given creatine, especially among older individuals.

Previous research has shown that creatine may decline with age, and those with lower creatine levels may have a more robust response to supplementation, meaning seniors with lower creatine levels show more memory improvement when supplemented because their baseline levels are low.

Other research groups have also performed analyses of the current creatine research and reached similar conclusions, that aged or stressed individuals may have greater benefit from creatine supplementation than other groups.

Additionally, individual studies done in older adults showed that creatine does help with memory recall , but more studies with long-term follow-up are needed. Previous reviews demonstrate a great potential for creatine supplementation to support brain health and cognitive processing by way of increasing brain ATP.

The potential for creatine support is particularly characterized by deficits in brain PCr that may be caused by aging and acute stressors, such as sleep deprivation or chronic pathological conditions, or by creatine synthesis enzyme deficiencies.

In a recent review published this March in Nutrients , Forbes and colleagues explored the impact that creatine monohydrate supplementation may have on a variety of neurological and mental health conditions. Robust evidence supports the importance of creatine supplementation for individuals with creatine deficiency syndromes that are known to deplete creatine brain stores.

However, there are mixed results for cognitive function and memory benefits. Large doses 20 g per day for 7 days of creatine were shown to improve measures of memory in aging adults 68 to 85 years old, including forward number recall, backward and forward spatial recall, and long-term memory.

Additionally, vegetarians who supplemented with creatine 5 g per day had improvements in working memory. Mitochondrial damage, oxidative stress, and energy depletion are prevalent factors across neurodegenerative diseases.

The current review demonstrates that creatine may have a potential neuroprotective role by increasing brain energy, reducing oxidative stress, and mitigating mitochondrial damage, but more empirical evidence is needed.

Several mental health disorders have been characterized to have brain bioenergetic abnormalities and lower creatine levels in certain brain regions.

Interventional studies using 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy have shown that lower prefrontal cortex creatine levels are associated with increased incidence of depression and lower mood. Other pre-clinical animal models demonstrated there is clear support for the potential use of creatine for depression.

This improvement in animal models was shown to be correlated with the ability of creatine to activate the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 mTORC1 signaling pathway.

Small-scale human clinical trials have also observed clinically relevant improvements in depression symptoms; however, more large-scale clinical trials are needed.

The researchers also found that creatine supplementation may have neuroprotective effects following traumatic brain injury TBI or concussion. These injurious conditions correlate with the overactivation of the N-methyl-D-aspartate NMDA receptor caused by an indiscriminate release of glutamate. Cognitive effects of creatine monohydrate adjunctive therapy in patients with bipolar depression: Results from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Journal of Affective Disorders, , 69— Sakellaris, G. Prevention of complications related to traumatic brain injury in children and adolescents with creatine administration: An open label randomized pilot study.

Journal of Trauma — Injury, Infection and Critical Care, 61 2 , — Benton, D. The influence of creatine supplementation on the cognitive functioning of vegetarians and omnivores. British Journal of Nutrition, 7 , — McMorris, T. Creatine supplementation and cognitive performance in elderly individuals.

Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition, 14 5 , — Alves, C. Creatine Supplementation Associated or Not with Strength Training upon Emotional and Cognitive Measures in Older Women: A Randomized Double-Blind Study. PLoS ONE, 8 10 , 1— Wilkinson, I.

Effects of creatine supplementation on cerebral white matter in competitive sportsmen. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 16 1 , 63— Rawson, E. Creatine supplementation does not improve cognitive function in young adults.

Physiology and Behavior, 95 1—2 , — Creatine supplementation, sleep deprivation, cortisol, melatonin and behavior. Physiology and Behavior, 90 1 , 21— Van Cutsem, J. Can creatine combat the mental fatigue-associated decrease in visuomotor skills? Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 52 1 , — Turner, C.

Creatine Supplementation Enhances Corticomotor Excitability and Cognitive Performance during Oxygen Deprivation. Journal of Neuroscience, 35 4 , — Prevention of traumatic headache, dizziness and fatigue with creatine administration.

A pilot study. Acta Paediatrica, International Journal of Paediatrics, 97 1 , 31— Kondo, D. Creatine target engagement with brain bioenergetics: a dose-ranging phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy study of adolescent females with SSRI-resistant depression.

Creatine is a natural supplement often Psychological benefits of fasting to improve imoroving performance. It may also imoroving brain function, fight certain immproving diseases, Creatine for improving memory accelerate muscle growth. Creatine is emmory natural Liver detoxification health used to im;roving athletic performance 1. Phosphocreatine aids the formation of adenosine triphosphate ATPthe key molecule your cells use for energy and all basic life functions 8. The rate of ATP resynthesis limits your ability to continually perform at maximum intensity, as you use ATP faster than you reproduce it 9 Creatine supplements increase your phosphocreatine stores, allowing you to produce more ATP energy to fuel your muscles during high-intensity exercise 10 ,