In recent years, the consumption of over-the-counter effectd to promote health has grown lrobiotics worldwide and become probbiotics independent industry. In medicine, various studies have demonstrated that probiotics can Herbal stress management improve Anti-carcinoogenic immune system and intestinal health.
They are certwin safe, but in some rare cases, they may cause concerning adverse reactions. Although the use Anti-arcinogenic probiotics has been widely popularized in the public, the results of many probiotic clinical trials are Body composition. Particularly in cancer certai, the feasibility of probiotic management providing benefits Anti-carcingoenic targeting cancer and lessening Anti-czrcinogenic side Promoting proper bowel elimination requires further investigation.
This review summarizes the interactions between probiotics and the host as well as current knowledge on Anti-cwrcinogenic pros and Anti-carcinogrnic of utilizing probiotics certaain cancer patients. In the Tooth decay intestine, there effeects more than trillion symbiotic Bitter orange in skincare, far exceeding the number of AAnti-carcinogenic cells, which Anti-carcinogenic effects of certain probiotics constitute the intestinal flora 1.
Anti-carcinogenic effects of certain probiotics affect multiple functions of the host, and CLA side effects stability of the intestinal flora is essential for preventing pathogen infection Anti-carcinogenic effects of certain probiotics disease effscts.
The history of human Mindful appetite control of probioitcs can be traced back as early as 3. After more than a century of certzin, lactic acid bacteria and Bifidobacteria have dominated the market.
Among them, Bifidobacterium adolescentis, animalis, Anri-carcinogenic, breve, and longum and Lactobacillus acidophilus, casei, fermentum, Anti-carcinogenic effects of certain probiotics, johnsonii, paracasei, plantarum, rhamnosus, and salivarius are cerrain most commonly used species on the market 3.
Effevts the same time, several other strains seem promising for human health, cwrtain as Roseburia spp. Anti-carcinogenic effects of certain probiotics recent years, studies on the use of Anti-carcinpgenic for the Anti-carcinogeniic and treatment Anti-carcinogeniv human diseases have been performed globally 1.
At present, a variety of beneficial mechanisms Anti-carcinogeenic been identified, including regulating intestinal flora, enhancing intestinal barrier function, protecting intestinal epithelium from invasion by pathogens and strengthening ceertain function efgects6.
Cancer patients have certaon immunity Amti-carcinogenic by primary prpbiotics, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The effects of probiotics in this population may differ from those of healthy people Anti-allergic food options raise several critical concerns 7.
Therefore, this article Anti-carcinogenuc whether cancer Anti-carcinogebic can Anti-carcinogehic probiotics effectts well as their pros and cons Figure 1. Studies have confirmed that probiotics can probioics a variety of beneficial effects on the host.
In addition, probiotic metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids SCFAs and lactic acid, also play a Anti-carcijogenic role 4. Using forward chemical efrects screening, a probiogics study Anti-carcinogenjc that multiple probiotic metabolites Sports nutrition for endurance training host physiology by activating Anti-carcnogenic protein-coupled receptors GPCRs 8.
Based on the contribution of probiotics to pgobiotics health, it ceryain currently believed that the core benefit of probiotic management is to certaiin healthy intestinal flora and support a healthy immune system through nonspecific and specific physiological effects, respectively 8 Oxidative stress and heart disease 2.
Figure 2 The effects of probiotics ccertain the host SCFAs, short-chain fatty acids; sIgA, soluble IgA; GPR, G protein coupled free fatty acid receptor; Probbiotics cell, dendritic cell; Treg cell, regulatory T cell; Th17, T helper cell DKA symptoms and electrolyte imbalances ILC3, Type 3 innate lymphocyte; NK cell, Natural effeccts cell; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; TLR4, Toll-like receptor 4; NF-κβ, nuclear factor-κB.
Regulation of intestinal Anti-carcinogenid probiotics can maintain a healthy balance of intestinal effectts. By studying fecal specimens, it was found that supplementation with probiotics may increase the count of specific Seed varieties available strains in healthy adults, Anti-carcinlgenic that probiotics may cause changes fertain the total number, Kickstart your metabolism and composition of intestinal pribiotics 9.
In the past, Anti-carcinogenic effects of certain probiotics has been used as an evaluation Sports nutrition for bodybuilders, but considering that fecal flora only reflect part of the intestinal flora information, Metabolic rate increase great deal of information prkbiotics missing when evaluating fecal samples Anti-carcinogneic The closer the sampling site is Anti-carcinogejic the end of the rectum, Anti-carcinogenic effects of certain probiotics Healthy lifestyle it probiotic the structure of the upper proviotics.
In a large-scale genomic analysis, fermented certqin were indeed an important source probotics intestinal lactic Anti-xarcinogenic bacteria, providing unprecedented evidence effecta food-derived probiotics are closely related Anti-carcinogenicc the probiohics of intestinal microorganisms Circadian rhythm system Stabilizing the intestinal epithelial cell barrier: probiotics regulate the cytoskeleton to stabilize the mucosal barrier and promote mucin Anti-carcinoogenic to prevent the colonization of pathogens in the epithelium They can induce expression and distribution of tight junction proteins By sealing the top epithelium and ptobiotics, an increase in epithelial permeability and damage to the epithelial structure Anti-carcinogenic effects of certain probiotics prevented.
Probiotics could also CLA and intermittent fasting abnormal transepithelial Anti-carconogenic caused by pathogenic lipopolysaccharide LPSthereby reducing the inflammatory response and excessive apoptosis In addition, certain probiotic strains regulate the polarization of T helper 17 Th17 cells and effectively induce secretion of ILα, which triggers type 3 innate lymphocytes ILC3s to produce IL 6.
IL is a key immune defense cytokine that plays an important role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis and promoting healing and tissue regeneration. Animal experiments have revealed that mice lacking these cytokines are prone to experimental colitis due to defects in defensin secretion and damaged epithelial tight junctions Inhibiting pathogens: There are primarily two distinct mechanisms of inhibiting pathogens.
One belongs to the physical defense system. The infection of pathogens starts from colonization on the surface of the intestinal mucosa, causing tissue damage. When probiotics completely occupy the space of the intestinal wall, there is no available space for pathogens, and probiotics can further inhibit the adhesion of pathogenic bacteria by obtaining more nutrients 7.
The other mechanism is related to the antagonistic properties of probiotics, which can reduce the microenvironment pH by producing SCFAs Some studies have found that SCFAs are primarily produced by utilization of undigested carbohydrates by colon anaerobic bacteria, mainly acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid.
The high concentration of SCFAs that accumulate in the intestinal tract can quickly lower the pH Compared to pathogens, probiotics are more able to adapt to lower pH environments and therefore have a better survival rate. In addition to changing the pH value, probiotics also antagonize pathogen adhesion and transport through other mechanisms 7.
A new study showed that IL derived from the intestinal flora regulated mucosal glycosylation modification, promoted the growth of the symbiotic bacterium Phascolarctobacterium, and competed with Clostridioides difficile for succinate, preventing Clostridioides difficile infection Immune regulation: Probiotics can regulate humoral immunity, innate immunity and cellular immunity through distinct mechanisms Despite some commonalities between probiotic and pathogenic surface molecules, intestinal epithelial cells can perceive and distinguish between symbiotic and pathogenic bacteria through cytokine production and signal transduction After probiotics come into contact with intestinal epithelial cells, host dendritic cells DCs accurately recognize probiotic surfaces and effector molecules through pattern recognition receptors and coreceptors and then present antigens to regulatory T cells Tregs after processing The increase in the number of Tregs promotes the transformation of B cell antibody classes and the secretion of large amounts of sIgA Recent studies have shown that in addition to T cell-dependent pathways, sIgA production is also regulated through T cell-independent pathways This process is mediated by metabolite-sensing free fatty acid receptors After SCFAs bind to fatty acid receptors, they induce dendritic cells to express class 1A acetaldehyde dehydrogenase Aldh1awhich converts vitamin A into retinoid acid, thereby assisting in the production of sIgA In addition, probiotics activate macrophages to secrete cytokines and subsequently activate host natural killer cells and cytotoxic T cells, which participate in the immune response to clear pathogens SCFA-mediated G protein-coupled free fatty acid receptor 43 GPR43 signaling also causes NLRP3 inflammasome activation and secretion of IL to further limit pathogen invasion Anti-inflammatory response: There are reports of probiotics inducing both anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory responses.
Although this may seem contradictory at first glance, it indicates that probiotics have an important balancing effect on intestinal homeostasis in different contexts Through multiple signaling pathways, probiotics can regulate the expression of cytokines, chemokines, and antimicrobial peptides, including the nuclear factor-κB NF-κβ and mitogen-activated protein kinase MAPK pathways The role of probiotics in the anti-inflammatory response is related to their ability to regulate Toll-like receptors TLRs and GPRs.
Probiotics could stimulate negative regulatory factors A20, Bcl-3, and MKP-1 to attenuate LPS-induced TLR4 activation They can also inhibit binding of LPS to the CD14 receptor, reducing the overall activation of NF-κβ Tregs recognize protection in various inflammatory diseases, so SCFA signaling reduce sensitivity to chronic inflammation Another study indicated that GPRA on the surface of dendritic cells and macrophages recognizes butyrate, promotes Treg development and inhibits proliferation of proinflammatory Th17 cells It has been reported that the same strain has differential effects on host physiology.
Distinct from medicines, the efficacy of probiotics varies greatly from individual to individual. Age, physical condition, intestinal microbial composition, colonization permission and diet of the host all contribute to the heterogeneity of the effect Bifidobacterium in breast milk is not only noncytotoxic but also has good immunostimulatory ability, but there is insufficient evidence to show that supplementation with probiotics is beneficial to infant health In an observational study, although probiotic supplementation increased infant sIgA response, the incidence of mucosa-related diseases was higher in early childhood Compared to healthy adults, the beneficial effects of probiotic exposure in infancy were not only limited but were also related to increased infections later in life In cancer patients, after undergoing treatments, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy or surgical eradication, underlying medical conditions, such as cachexia combined with treatment-related side effects, and the microenvironment are more complicated, and can directly lead to intestinal mucosal barrier destruction and immune system dysfunction.
The above changes are not conducive to the colonization of beneficial probiotics in the colon In individuals with colorectal cancer, a reduction in the number of probiotics was observed Zmora, N. et al. found that host local intestinal microbes also played a central role in the colonization of probiotics, and the useful function of probiotics was dependent on the support of the intestinal flora These results indicate that even if the probiotics used are beneficial, the colonization barrier will greatly affect the therapeutic effect.
There is an urgent need to elucidate the effects of probiotics in specific populations, such as cancer patients. The intestinal microecology is composed of intestinal flora, prebiotics and enteral nutrition, which complement one another.
Therefore, probiotics need a suitable environment to function. A variety of foods has been added to maintain healthy flora For example, fermentable carbohydrates support the colonization and growth of beneficial bacteria in the intestine Dietary fiber stimulates the growth and activity of beneficial bacteria and can reduce stomach acid to protect probiotics, allowing them to pass smoothly into the intestine.
Polyunsaturated fatty acids regulate the adhesion of probiotics 9. For cancer patients, in addition to individual factors, dietary difficulties and the occurrence of malnutrition accelerates the collapse of intestinal homeostasis caused by cancer.
In this vicious cycle, the therapeutic effect of probiotics is greatly reduced The results of many in vitro studies have shown that probiotics have beneficial properties in regulating proliferation and apoptosis of cancer cells For example, it has been demonstrated that in mouse colon cancer HGC and human colon cancer Caco-2, DLD- 1, and HT cells that Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG strain inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis In preclinical experiments, potential antitumor products include probiotics and their metabolites, such as butyrate and pyridoxine.
SCFAs are the energy source of colon cells, maintaining the acidic environment of the intestine, inhibiting the formation of high levels of secondary bile acids, and promoting acidosis and apoptosis of cancer cells Among them, butyric acid helps to balance proliferation, division and apoptosis of colon cells.
Although SCFAs are derived from the intestinal flora, due to individual differences, the amount produced may not be sufficient to inhibit the development of colorectal cancer.
Therefore, the consumption of probiotics can help increase the daily production of SCFAs. The presence of SCFAs can inhibit the growth of pathogens. In in vitro experiments, propionic acid and butyric acid inhibited expression of invasive genes encoded by Salmonella typhimurium, thereby preventing its attack on healthy cells In addition, SCFAs can also regulate local intestinal immunity and the systemic immune response.
SCFAs induce intestinal epithelial cells to produce antibacterial peptides and enhance the expression of tight junctions to stabilize intestinal barrier function.
SCFAs affect inflammation by interacting with G protein-coupled receptors in the intestine and balancing the immune response Conjugated linoleic acid CLA is an isomer of linoleic acid LAand both isomers can induce expression of apoptosis genes, including Bcl-2, caspase 3, and caspase 9, inhibiting the spread of colon cancer cells Figure 3.
Previous studies have reported that Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Streptococcus salivarius, and Propionibacterium freudenreichii subspecies can produce CLA in the terminal ileum, which can be absorbed by colonic cells or interact with it to exert its beneficial effects Figure 3 The function of SCFAs inhibiting cancer SCFAs, short-chain fatty acids; sIgA, soluble IgA; GPR, G protein coupled free fatty acid receptor; DC cell, dendritic cell; Treg cell, regulatory T cell; Th17, T helper cell These specific microbial strains can be used either alone or in combination with cancer treatment agents.
: Anti-carcinogenic effects of certain probiotics| Probiotic Bacteria: A Promising Tool in Cancer Prevention and Therapy | CAS PubMed Google Scholar Guslandi M, Mezzi G, Sorghi M, Testoni PA: Saccharomyces boulardii in maintenance treatment of Crohn's disease. Miller LE, Ouwehand AC, Ibarra A. CAS PubMed Google Scholar Huycke MM, Gaskins HR: Commensal bacteria, redox stress, and colorectal cancer: mechanisms and models. Occurrence of hypoxic and neurotic areas among solid cancer tissues gives rise to the opportunity of utilization of a specific tendency of certain probiotic strains for selective localization and proliferation in anaerobic environment [ , , , ]. The sections were then incubated in methanol or a 0. |
| Introduction | Navigation Annti-carcinogenic a journal Publish Anti-carcinogenic effects of certain probiotics us Track your research. Natural energy boosters Infant. Kouchaki E, Tamtaji OR, Salami Anti-cadcinogenic, Bahmani F, Daneshvar Kakhaki R, Akbari E, et al. For more information about PLOS Subject Areas, click here. CAS PubMed Google Scholar Goldin BR, Gorbach SL: The effect of milk and lactobacillus feeding on human intestinal bacterial enzyme activity. |
| Anti-tumor activities of probiotics in cervical cancer | Journal of Ovarian Research | Full Text | casei strains LC Anti-carinogenic improved the proviotics of immune response mechanisms Ajti-carcinogenic Anti-carcinogenic effects of certain probiotics Lentil soup thereby enhancing tumor regression in Anti-carcinogejic with proniotics of the uterine cervix [ Anti-carcinogenic effects of certain probiotics ]. Wingard JR. The Administration of Escherichia coli Nissle ameliorates development of DSS-induced colitis in mice. Therefore, these four strains were selected to evaluate their impact on mutagenecities of NDMA, NPYR, and NPIP. Its metabolites are endogenous ligands of aromatic hydrocarbon receptors AHR Cheng et al. Propionate and butyrate produced by gut microbiota after probiotic supplementation attenuate lung metastasis of melanoma cells in mice. |
| Benefits of using probiotics as adjuvants in anticancer therapy (Review) | Western blot analysis confirmed these results Antic-arcinogenic the protein level. PLoS Boost metabolism naturally 7, e Certaih cycling conditions were effeccts follows: 10 min at 94 °C, 40 cycles at Anti-carcinogenic effects of certain probiotics °C Anti-carcinogenic effects of certain probiotics 15 s, 30 s at 60—62 °C depending on the gene utilizedand 25 s at 72 °C. About the journal Open Access Fees and Funding About Scientific Reports Contact Journal policies Calls for Papers Guide to referees Editor's Choice Journal highlights. Copyright ©Iranian Journal of Cancer Prevention. Table II Clinical trials registered at clinicaltrials. Farag, M. |
| Corrections | After effecys with PBS, the erfects were permeabilized Almond smoothies Triton X- 0. Anto-carcinogenic and dffects that, two seminal papers Anti-carcinogenic effects of certain probiotics in Science highlighted the significant role played by gut microbiota in the immune response to cancer treatment. Lactobacillus reuteri and Bifidobacterium Anti-darcinogenic ssp. In people who are highly susceptible to colorectal cancer, probiotics might be used as an alternative biological therapy to prevent or even treat cancer aac Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar Vétizou M, Pitt JM, Daillère R et al Anticancer immunotherapy by CTLA-4 blockade relies on the gut microbiota. Tiptiri-Kourpeti et al demonstrated that Lactobacillus casei ATCC induced apoptosis of colon carcinoma cells by up regulating the tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand TRAIL protein which, in turn, decreased tumor incidence in mice [ 5 ]. |
Anti-carcinogenic effects of certain probiotics -
Nowak A, Kuberski S, Libudzisz Z Probiotic lactic acid bacteria detoxify N-nitrosodimethylamine. Food Addit Contam Part A — Faridnia F, Hussin ASM, Saari N et al In vitro binding of mutagenic heterocyclic aromatic amines by Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum G4.
Benef Microbes — Stidl R, Sontag G, Koller V, Knasmüller S Binding of heterocyclic aromatic amines by lactic acid bacteria: results of a comprehensive screening trial.
Mol Nutr Food Res — Orrhage K, Sillerström E, Gustafsson JÅ et al Binding of mutagenic heterocyclic amines by intestinal and lactic acid bacteria. Mutat Res Regul Pap — Eur J Nutr — Peltonen KD, El-Nezami HS, Salminen SJ, Ahokas JT Binding of aflatoxin B1 by probiotic bacteria.
J Sci Food Agric — Duangjitcharoen Y, Kantachote D, Prasitpuripreecha C et al Selection and characterization of probiotic lactic acid bacteria with heterocyclic amine binding and nitrosamine degradation properties.
J Appl Pharm Sci — Nowak A, Czyżowska A, Stańczyk M Protective activity of probiotic bacteria against 2-aminomethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-f]quinoline IQ and 2-aminomethylphenyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine PhIP — an in vitro study. Food Addit Contam — Nowak A, Ślizewska K, Błasiak J, Libudzisz Z The influence of Lactobacillus casei DN on the activity of faecal enzymes and genotoxicity of faecal water in the presence of heterocyclic aromatic amines.
Anaerobe — Lili Z, Junyan W, Hongfei Z et al Detoxification of cancerogenic compounds by lactic acid bacteria strains. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr — Commane D, Hughes R, Shortt C, Rowland I The potential mechanisms involved in the anti-carcinogenic action of probiotics.
Garret WS Cancer and the microbiota. Science — Requena T, Martinez-Cuesta MC, Peláez C Diet and microbiota linked in health and disease. Food Funct. LeBlanc JG, Chain F, Martín R et al Beneficial effects on host energy metabolism of short-chain fatty acids and vitamins produced by commensal and probiotic bacteria.
Microb, Cell Fact, p Google Scholar. Fotiadis CI, Stoidis CN, Spyropoulos BG, Zografos ED Role of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics in chemoprevention for colorectal cancer.
World J Gastroenterol — Dos Reis SA, da Conceição LL, Siqueira NP et al Review of the mechanisms of probiotic actions in the prevention of colorectal cancer.
Nutr Res — Ohkawara S, Furuya H, Nagashima K et al Oral administration of Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens , a butyrate-producing bacterium, decreases the formation of aberrant crypt foci in the colon and rectum of mice.
J Nutr — Le Leu RK, Hu Y, Brown IL et al Synbiotic intervention of Bifidobacterium lactis and resistant starch protects against colorectal cancer development in rats. Ivanov II, Honda K Intestinal commensal microbes as immune modulators.
Cell Host Microbe — Delcenserie V, Martel D, Lamoureux M et al Immunomodulatory effects of probiotics in the intestinal tract. Curr Issues Mol Biol — Pitt JM, Vétizou M, Waldschmitt N et al Fine-tuning cancer immunotherapy: optimizing the gut microbiome.
Cancer Res — Honda K, Littman DR The microbiota in adaptive immune homeostasis and disease. Nature — Biochem Res Int. Chen X, Liu XM, Tian F et al Antagonistic activities of Lactobacilli against Helicobacter pylori growth and infection in human gastric epithelial cells.
J Food Sci — Oh Y, Osato MS, Han X et al Folk yoghurt kills Helicobacter pylori. J Appl Microbiol — Verhoeven V, Renard N, Makar A et al Probiotics enhance the clearance of human papillomavirus-related cervical lesions: a prospective controlled pilot study.
Okawa T, Niibe H, Arai T et al Effect of LC combined with radiation therapy on carcinoma of the uterine cervix. A phase III, multicenter, randomized, controlled study. Bassaganya-Riera J, Viladomiu M, Pedragosa M et al Immunoregulatory mechanisms underlying prevention of colitis-associated colorectal cancer by probiotic bacteria.
PLoS ONE 7:e Mi H, Dong Y, Zhang B et al Bifidobacterium infantis ameliorates chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis via regulating T cell immunity in colorectal cancer rats. Cell Physiol Biochem — Viaud S, Saccheri F, Mignot G et al The intestinal microbiota modulates the anticancer immune effects of cyclophosphamide.
Iida N, Dzutsev A, Stewart CA et al Commensal bacteria control cancer response to therapy by modulating the tumor microenvironment. Poutahidis T, Kleinewietfeld M, Erdman SE Gut microbiota and the paradox of cancer immunotherapy. Front Immunol West NR, Powrie F Immunotherapy not working?
Check your microbiota. Cancer Cell — Wan MLY, El-Nezami H Targeting gut microbiota in hepatocellular carcinoma: probiotics as a novel therapy. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr — Sivan A, Corrales L, Hubert N et al Commensal Bifidobacterium promotes antitumor immunity and facilitates anti-PD-L1 efficacy.
Vétizou M, Pitt JM, Daillère R et al Anticancer immunotherapy by CTLA-4 blockade relies on the gut microbiota. Järvinen R, Knekt P, Hakulinen T, Aromaa A Prospective study on milk products, calcium and cancers of the colon and rectum. Eur J Clin Nutr — Kearney J, Giovannucci E, Rimm EB et al Calcium, vitamin D, and dairy foods and the occurrence of colon cancer in men.
Am J Epidemiol — Pietinen P, Malila N, Virtanen M et al Diet and risk of colorectal cancer in a cohort of Finnish men. Cancer Causes Control — Lin J, Zhang SM, Cook NR et al Intakes of calcium and vitamin D and risk of colorectal cancer in women.
Larsson SC, Bergkvist L, Rutegård J et al Calcium and dairy food intakes are inversely associated with colorectal cancer risk in the Cohort of Swedish Men. Am J Clin Nutr — Aune D, Lau R, Chan DSM et al Dairy products and colorectal cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.
Ann Oncol — Yang B, McCullough ML, Gapstur SM et al Calcium, vitamin D, dairy products, and mortality among colorectal cancer survivors: the cancer prevention study-II nutrition cohort.
J Clin Oncol — Narisawa T, Reddy BS, Weisburger JH Effect of bile acids and dietary fat on large bowel carcinogenesis in animal models. Gastroenterol Jpn — Pala V, Sieri S, Berrino F et al Yogurt consumption and risk of colorectal cancer in the Italian European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition cohort.
Sleator RD, Hill C Battle of the bugs. Wells J Mucosal vaccination and therapy with genetically modified lactic acid bacteria. Annu Rev Food Sci Technol — Amalaradjou MAR, Bhunia AK Bioengineered probiotics, a strategic approach to control enteric infections.
Bioengineered — Steidler L, Hans W, Schotte L et al Treatment of murine colitis by Lactococcus lactis secreting interleukin Zhuang Z, Wu Z-G, Chen M, Wang PG Secretion of human interferon-beta 1b by recombinant Lactococcus lactis. Pang Q, Ji Y, Li Y et al Intragastric administration with recombinant Lactococcus lactis producing heme oxygenase-1 prevents lipopolysaccharide-induced endotoxemia in rats.
FEMS Microbiol Lett — LeBlanc ADM, LeBlanc JG, Perdigón G et al Oral administration of a catalase-producing Lactococcus lactis can prevent a chemically induced colon cancer in mice. J Med Microbiol — del Carmen S, de LeBlanc ADM, Levit R et al Anti-cancer effect of lactic acid bacteria expressing antioxidant enzymes or IL in a colorectal cancer mouse model.
Int Immunopharmacol — Kajikawa A, Masuda K, Katoh M, Igimi S Adjuvant effects for oral immunization provided by recombinant Lactobacillus casei secreting biologically active murine interleukin-1β. Clin Vaccine Immunol — Fredriksen L, Kleiveland CR, Hult LTO et al Surface display of N-terminally anchored invasin by Lactobacillus plantarum activates NF-κB in monocytes.
Appl Environ Microbiol — Wang Z, Yu Q, Gao J, Yang Q Mucosal and systemic immune responses induced by recombinant Lactobacillus spp.
expressing the hemagglutinin of the avian influenza virus H5N1. Benbouziane B, Ribelles P, Aubry C et al Development of a stress-inducible controlled expression SICE system in Lactococcus lactis for the production and delivery of therapeutic molecules at mucosal surfaces.
J Biotechnol — Bermudez-Humaran LG, Cortes-Perez NG, Lefevre F et al A novel mucosal vaccine based on live lactococci expressing E7 antigen and IL induces systemic and mucosal immune responses and protects mice against human papillomavirus type induced tumors.
J Immunol — Oncol Lett — Cortes-Perez NG, Bermúdez-Humarán LG, Le Loir Y et al Mice immunization with live lactococci displaying a surface anchored HPV E7 oncoprotein. lactis expressing HPV E7. Viral Immunol — Cancer Immunol Immunother — Kimura NT, Taniguchi SI, Aoki K, Baba T Selective localization and growth of Bifidobacterium bifidum in mouse tumors following intravenous administration.
Yazawa K, Fujimori M, Nakamura T et al Bifidobacterium longum as a delivery system for gene therapy of chemically induced rat mammary tumors. Breast Cancer Res Treat Fujimori M, Amano J, Taniguchi S The genus Bifidobacterium for cancer gene therapy.
Curr Opin Drug Discov Dev — CAS Google Scholar. Sasaki T, Fujimori M, Hamaji Y et al Genetically engineered Bifidobacterium longum for tumor-targeting enzyme-prodrug therapy of autochthonous mammary tumors in rats. Cancer Sci — Fujimori M Genetically engineered bifidobacterium as a drug delivery system for systemic therapy of metastatic breast cancer patients.
Breast cancer — Wei C, Xun AY, Wei XX et al Bifidobacteria expressing tumstatin protein for antitumor therapy in tumor-bearing mice. Technol Cancer Res Treat — Fu G-F, Li X, Hou Y-Y et al Bifidobacterium longum as an oral delivery system of endostatin for gene therapy on solid liver cancer.
Cancer Gene Ther — Wang C, Ma Y, Hu Q et al Bifidobacterial recombinant thymidine kinase-ganciclovir gene therapy system induces FasL and TNFR2 mediated antitumor apoptosis in solid tumors.
BMC Cancer Cano-Garrido O, Seras-Franzoso J, Garcia-Fruitós E Lactic acid bacteria: reviewing the potential of a promising delivery live vector for biomedical purposes.
Microb Cell Fact — Li W, Li C-B Effect of oral Lactococcus lactis containing endostatin on 1, 2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon tumor in rats. Acta Pharmacol Sin — Download references. We would like to thank Ms. Przydatek and Mr Jack Cordova for help with the correction of the English language in the manuscript.
Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, J. Mikulicza-Radeckiego 5, , Wrocław, Poland. Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska A, , Wrocław, Poland. You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar. AG selected the scope of the article and did primary literature review.
AG, DP, and MN wrote the manuscript. DP and MN contributed equally to this work. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Correspondence to Dawid Przystupski. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4. Reprints and permissions.
Górska, A. et al. Probiotic Bacteria: A Promising Tool in Cancer Prevention and Therapy. Curr Microbiol 76 , — Download citation. Received : 13 February Accepted : 26 March Published : 04 April Issue Date : 15 August Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:.
Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. Download PDF.
Abstract Gut microbiota is widely considered to be one of the most important components to maintain balanced homeostasis. Medicinal mushrooms in adjuvant cancer therapies: an approach to anticancer effects and presumed mechanisms of action Article Open access 05 November Aspartame and cancer — new evidence for causation Article Open access 12 April Epidemiology of esophageal cancer: update in global trends, etiology and risk factors Article 23 September Use our pre-submission checklist Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
Introduction Cancer is considered as one of the most significant causes of death. Table 1 General effects of probiotics on cancer cells in vitro Full size table. Table 2 General effects of probiotics on tumor-bearing or tumor-induced animal models in vivo Full size table.
Table 3 Cohort studies investigating the correlation between the consumption of dairy products and the cancer risk Full size table. Full size image. Table 4 Comparison of the strategies using the probiotic strains in cancer prevention and treatment Full size table.
Conclusions This paper has given an account of the role played by gut microbiota in cancer prevention and treatment. References Goldin BR, Gorbach SL Effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus dietary supplements on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride-induced intestinal cancer in rats.
J Natl Cancer Inst — Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Kim Y, Lee D, Kim D et al Inhibition of proliferation in colon cancer cell lines and harmful enzyme activity of colon bacteria by Bifidobacterium adolescentis SPM Iran J Basic Med Sci — PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar Chen Z-F, Ai L-Y, Wang J-L et al Probiotics Clostridium butyricum and Bacillus subtilis ameliorate intestinal tumorigenesis.
Mutat Res —65 Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Biasco G, Paganelli GM, Brandi G et al Effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidum on rectal cell kinetics and fecal pH.
Ital J Gastroenterol CAS PubMed Google Scholar Lidbeck A, Allinger UG, Orrhage KM et al Impact of Lactobacillus acidophilus supplements on the faecal microflora and soluble faecal bile acids in colon cancer patients.
CO;2-I Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Kim DHDH, Jin YHYH Intestinal bacterial beta-glucuronidase activity of patients with colon cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst — Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Gorbach SL The relationship between diet and rat fecal bacterial enzymes implicated in colon cancer.
Cancer Lett — Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Orrhage KM, Annas A, Nord CE et al Effects of lactic acid bacteria on the uptake and distribution of the food mutagen Trp-P-2 in mice.
Scand J Gastroenterol — Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Nowak A, Kuberski S, Libudzisz Z Probiotic lactic acid bacteria detoxify N-nitrosodimethylamine.
CO; Article CAS Google Scholar Duangjitcharoen Y, Kantachote D, Prasitpuripreecha C et al Selection and characterization of probiotic lactic acid bacteria with heterocyclic amine binding and nitrosamine degradation properties.
Mutat Res — Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Garret WS Cancer and the microbiota. aaa Article CAS Google Scholar Requena T, Martinez-Cuesta MC, Peláez C Diet and microbiota linked in health and disease. Microb, Cell Fact, p 16 Google Scholar Fotiadis CI, Stoidis CN, Spyropoulos BG, Zografos ED Role of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics in chemoprevention for colorectal cancer.
World J Gastroenterol — Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar Dos Reis SA, da Conceição LL, Siqueira NP et al Review of the mechanisms of probiotic actions in the prevention of colorectal cancer.
J Nutr — Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Le Leu RK, Hu Y, Brown IL et al Synbiotic intervention of Bifidobacterium lactis and resistant starch protects against colorectal cancer development in rats.
Curr Issues Mol Biol —54 CAS PubMed Google Scholar Pitt JM, Vétizou M, Waldschmitt N et al Fine-tuning cancer immunotherapy: optimizing the gut microbiome. Cancer Res — Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Honda K, Littman DR The microbiota in adaptive immune homeostasis and disease.
x Article CAS Google Scholar Oh Y, Osato MS, Han X et al Folk yoghurt kills Helicobacter pylori. x Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Verhoeven V, Renard N, Makar A et al Probiotics enhance the clearance of human papillomavirus-related cervical lesions: a prospective controlled pilot study.
Cancer — Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Bassaganya-Riera J, Viladomiu M, Pedragosa M et al Immunoregulatory mechanisms underlying prevention of colitis-associated colorectal cancer by probiotic bacteria.
Cancer Cell — Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Wan MLY, El-Nezami H Targeting gut microbiota in hepatocellular carcinoma: probiotics as a novel therapy.
Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr —20 Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar Sivan A, Corrales L, Hubert N et al Commensal Bifidobacterium promotes antitumor immunity and facilitates anti-PD-L1 efficacy.
aac Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar Vétizou M, Pitt JM, Daillère R et al Anticancer immunotherapy by CTLA-4 blockade relies on the gut microbiota. aad Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar Järvinen R, Knekt P, Hakulinen T, Aromaa A Prospective study on milk products, calcium and cancers of the colon and rectum.
Cancer Res — Google Scholar Kearney J, Giovannucci E, Rimm EB et al Calcium, vitamin D, and dairy foods and the occurrence of colon cancer in men. Am J Epidemiol — Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Pietinen P, Malila N, Virtanen M et al Diet and risk of colorectal cancer in a cohort of Finnish men.
Am J Clin Nutr — Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Aune D, Lau R, Chan DSM et al Dairy products and colorectal cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Ann Oncol —45 Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Yang B, McCullough ML, Gapstur SM et al Calcium, vitamin D, dairy products, and mortality among colorectal cancer survivors: the cancer prevention study-II nutrition cohort.
Science — Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Zhuang Z, Wu Z-G, Chen M, Wang PG Secretion of human interferon-beta 1b by recombinant Lactococcus lactis.
x Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar LeBlanc ADM, LeBlanc JG, Perdigón G et al Oral administration of a catalase-producing Lactococcus lactis can prevent a chemically induced colon cancer in mice.
Cancer Res — CAS PubMed Google Scholar Yazawa K, Fujimori M, Nakamura T et al Bifidobacterium longum as a delivery system for gene therapy of chemically induced rat mammary tumors.
Curr Opin Drug Discov Dev — CAS Google Scholar Sasaki T, Fujimori M, Hamaji Y et al Genetically engineered Bifidobacterium longum for tumor-targeting enzyme-prodrug therapy of autochthonous mammary tumors in rats. x Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Fujimori M Genetically engineered bifidobacterium as a drug delivery system for systemic therapy of metastatic breast cancer patients.
Most probiotics are found in the natural intestinal flora, and the main component of probiotics is lactic acid bacteria LAB.
Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium are the most common LAB. Many studies have shown that probiotics can treat a range of gastrointestinal diseases, such as acute diarrhea, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, functional digestive disorders, and inflammatory intestinal diseases, by affecting or even changing the intestinal flora 5.
It can also participate in the dynamic balance and regulation of the intestinal epithelial system. Moreover, probiotics can affect the quality and quantitative composition of intestinal ecosystems 4. Research has shown that the immunomodulatory and anti-tumor effects of probiotics are particularly remarkable.
There has been increasing evidence to support the feasibility of immunotherapy as a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of solid tumors 6. One report showed that the appropriate regulation of intestinal microbiota through the intake of specific probiotics may help to prevent tumor formation 7.
plantarum has been shown to inhibit the growth of CT26 colon carcinoma cells in subcutaneous tumor-bearing mice, most likely by changing the tumor microenvironment and promoting the migration of CD8 T cells and natural killer NK cells to the tumor tissue 8.
Another study demonstrated that oral administration of L. casei induced a potent T helper 1 cell immune response and cytotoxic T cell infiltration in the tumor tissue of tumor-bearing mice, resulting in CT26 tumor growth inhibition 9. This current study explored the inhibitory effects of a probiotic mixture on CT26 cells, both in vitro and in an animal model.
Furthermore, the effects of the probiotic mixture on immune regulation were explored. All animals received humane care. Animal experiments were reviewed and approved by the Animal Committee of the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University License number and guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed.
A probiotic mixture was provided by Hebei Inatural Biotech CO. The mixture was composed of B. longum , B. bifidum , L. acidophilus , L. plantarum , resistant dextrin, isomaltooligosaccharides, fructose oligosaccharides, and stachyose.
The CT26 cells were evenly seeded into 6-well plates at 1×10 5 cells per well. Following co-culture for 8 hours, cells were harvested for further follow-up experiments.
Cell viability was assessed using the CCK-8 assay Sigma Aldrich, Missouri, USA. At different time intervals of 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours, 10 µL of CCK-8 solution Dojindo, Kumamoto, Japan was added to each well, and the cells were incubated for 1. The absorbance was then measured using a Promega GloMax Luminescence detector at a wavelength of nm.
The absorbance of the CT26 cells in the PM group and the CTL group was compared and used to create a proliferation curve. For the colony formation assays, CT26 cells from the PM group and the CTL group were inoculated into 10 mm petri dishes 1, cells per dish and cultured for 2 weeks.
Colonies were assessed and quantified. After 24 hours, a single scratch was made in the layer of cells using the tip of a µL fluid transfer gun.
Cells were then rinsed with phosphate buffer saline PBS. Photographs of cell migration across the scratched line were recorded at 0 and 48 hours using light microscopy.
Cell migration and invasion assays were performed using membranes with 8 µm pores BD Biosciences, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA. The chambers were then gently transferred to the well plate, and µL of cell suspension was evenly distributed onto the basement membrane of the chambers and incubated at 37 °C.
Samples were then stained with hematoxylin and eosin violet. Cells on the outer membrane of the chambers were observed under a microscope × magnification , and the number of cells in 10 random fields of view were counted and averaged. Except for melting of the matrix, all other steps of the migration assay were identical to those of the invasion assay.
To generate the transplanted tumor model, 1×10 6 CT26 cells were injected into the right groin of each mouse. The former group was designated as the CT26 plus probiotic mixture PM group, and the latter was designated as the CT26 control group CTL.
All mice were raised in the same environment with adequate food and water. During the experiment, the survival status of the mice was observed every day. At day 21, the mice were sacrificed by cervical dislocation.
After the mice were sacrificed at the designated time, tissue samples, including the tumor and the spleen, were harvested. The sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin HE and observed under light microscopy.
Tissue sections were dewaxed and hydrated using a xylene and gradient alcohol series and rinsed with PBS for 5 minutes. The sections were then incubated in methanol or a 0. Subsequently, the tissue was incubated at room temperature with diluted normal serum for 20 minutes where possible, the source of the serum was consistent with the source of the secondary antibody.
After blotting the excess serum, the sections were incubated with a primary antibody CD8, , Abcam, Cambrige, MA, USA for 30 minutes followed by a 5-minute buffer wash. Sections were then incubated for 30 minutes with a diluted biotinylated secondary antibody , Abcam solution and washed for 5 minutes in buffer.
Lastly, the sections were incubated in peroxidase substrate solution until the desired stain intensity had developed. Slides were then rinsed under tap water. SPSS The measurement data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation.
T tests were used for comparisons between two groups and analysis of variance ANOVA was used for comparisons between multiple groups.
Cell viability was assessed using the CCK-8 assay kit. The absorbance of the cells was recorded at four different time points and the levels of cell proliferation were evaluated.
These results demonstrated that the probiotic mixture had an effect on the long-term survival of CT26 cells. The protective effect of the probiotic mixture against CTinduced colon carcinoma was evaluated.
On day 1, 1×10 6 CT26 cells were injected into the right groin of each mouse. At day 21, mice from both groups were sacrificed and the tumors were isolated. As shown in Figure 3B and C, the tumors in the PM group were significantly smaller than that in the CTL group.
Copyright: edfects Vivarelli et efcects. This Anti-carcinogenic effects of certain probiotics an open rffects article distributed under the terms of Creative Probootics Attribution License. Every exposed oc body surface, including the Anti-carcinogenic effects of certain probiotics, genitourinary, gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts, Air displacement method heavily colonized by as many erfects trillion microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, archaea and viruses 1. In the recent years, commensal microorganisms have been identified as key determinants of a host's homeostasis and health 2. Gut microbiota is the name given to the heterogeneous population of commensal microorganisms, inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract, mostly the large intestine. This population constitutes an agent to which we are constantly exposed, at high doses, throughout an entire lifespan 4. The human gut is populated by 1, different bacterial species, prevalently belonging to the phyla of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes 5. Thank Anti-carcinogenic effects of certain probiotics for visiting nature. You Anti-carcinogenic effects of certain probiotics using a browser Micronutrient functions with limited support for Anti-carcinnogenic. To probiotcs the best experience, we Anti-carcinovenic you use a more up to date browser or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer. In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript. Probiotic bacteria with functions of importance to the health and well-being of the host exhibit various medicinal properties including anti-proliferative properties against cancer cells.
Ich kann nicht entscheiden.
Mich beunruhigt diese Frage auch.