Prostate health -
As for its role in BPH, one study in 91 men with symptomatic BPH compared the effect of saw palmetto oil enriched with beta-sitosterol to saw palmetto oil on its own The study observed that the enriched oil was significantly more effective at reducing the severity of urinary tract symptoms over 12 weeks, compared with saw palmetto oil on its own or a placebo Again, despite promising results, much more research is needed on the effectiveness and optimal dosage of beta-sitosterol for prostate health.
Chronic prostatitis is a painful condition that involves inflammation of the prostate. Common in men under the age of 50, the condition is often characterized by pelvic pain, sexual dysfunction, and painful urination and ejaculation 23 , While anti-inflammatory medications like aspirin and ibuprofen are often used to help reduce inflammation and pain, there has been an increased interest in using flower pollen extracts as a natural alternative to these medications One study in 65 people with chronic prostatitis found that the daily intake of capsules containing 1 gram of pollen extract and several B vitamins for 3 months significantly improved chronic prostatitis symptoms scores Additionally, the pollen extract group was found to have significantly lower levels of interleukin 8 IL-8 , a marker of inflammation that has been found to be higher in people with chronic prostatitis 24 , Similarly, a review of 10 studies observed that flower pollen extracts significantly improved quality of life and symptom scores in individuals with diagnosed chronic prostatitis In particular, the most common pollen extract blend used in these clinical trials was Graminex, a mixture of standardized extracts of ryegrass pollen Secal cereal , corn pollen Zea mays , and timothy pollen Phleum pratense The review also found flower pollen extracts to be safe without any serious reported side effects An herbal extract from the bark of the African cherry tree Prunus africana , pygeum is another common ingredient found in prostate supplements.
Limited test-tube and human studies have shown that pygeum extract may reduce inflammation associated with prostatitis and protect against the growth of cancerous cells 26 , An older review of 18 studies looked at the benefits of pygeum supplements on improving symptoms associated with BPH, compared with a placebo The review found that pygeum supplements significantly improved urinary flow measures.
Additionally, men taking pygeum were more than twice as likely to report an improvement in overall symptoms While research on the effectiveness of pygeum supplements is limited, so far it appears to be safe with minimal reported side effects It has been shown to contain several plant compounds with potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial effects.
Limited animal and human studies have noted that it may also help reduce lower urinary tract symptoms associated with BPH 30 , 31 , 32 , One older, 6-month study in adult men with symptomatic BPH found that taking mg of nettle root extract three times per day significantly improved lower urinary tract symptoms, compared with a placebo Additionally, test-tube and animal studies have suggested that nettle root may have anticancer effects.
However, no research currently exists to support its ability to help prevent prostate cancer in humans 34 , Despite promising results, the majority of research on nettle root extract for prostate health is limited and dated. More large-scale studies are needed to assess its ability to reduce symptoms associated with BPH, as well as its role in prostate cancer.
Due to its high concentrations of anti-inflammatory compounds, pumpkin seed oil is another common ingredient in prostate supplements By reducing inflammation, pumpkin seed oil is thought to help improve urinary tract symptoms associated with BPH and chronic nonbacterial prostatitis 37 , 38 , In one study of 60 men with BPH, consuming mg of an oil-free hydroethanolic pumpkin seed extract — corresponding to mg of native pumpkin seed oil extract and equivalent to 10 grams of pumpkin seeds — significantly reduced symptoms over 12 weeks Still, research on the effectiveness and optimal dosage of pumpkin seed oil for prostate issues is generally limited.
Several observational studies have also suggested a link between low vitamin D levels and an increased risk of prostate cancer 42 , 43 , Still, the research on whether supplementing with vitamin D can protect against prostate cancer is inconclusive. In fact, one review even found an increased risk of prostate cancer in individuals with high circulating levels of vitamin D 45 , 46 , While taking vitamin D supplements may benefit men who are deficient in vitamin D or have low levels of it, supplementing with high doses is not currently recommended for prostate health.
Zinc is an essential mineral that plays an important role in cell growth and DNA repair. It has also been found to be present in high amounts in prostate tissue Interestingly, research has found that zinc concentration in the prostate is significantly reduced in people with prostate cancer.
While some studies have shown high zinc intake to be associated with a reduced risk of advanced prostate cancer, others have found it to be linked to an increased risk of developing prostate cancer 49 , 50 , 51 , Overall, the research on zinc and the risk of prostate cancer is inconclusive.
Some older studies have suggested that the antioxidant properties of vitamin E may protect against prostate cancer. However, more recent studies have linked vitamin E supplements to an increased risk of prostate cancer 53 , 54 , 55 , The Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial SELECT was a large study in which 35, men were randomized to one of 4 treatments — mcg of selenium per day, IU of vitamin E per day, IU of vitamin E plus mcg of selenium per day, or a placebo While research on the potential link between vitamin E and prostate cancer is ongoing, vitamin E supplements are not currently recommended to decrease prostate cancer risk.
Men should avoid supplementing with vitamin E unless advised to do so by their healthcare provider. Selenium is another essential mineral that has attracted some controversy regarding its safety and effectiveness for prostate health. In two large reviews, higher levels of selenium in the body were associated with a reduced risk of prostate cancer, particularly in current and former smokers 57 , Yet, one study in 4, men found that selenium supplementation after being diagnosed with prostate cancer was associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer mortality Another study also raised concerns around selenium supplementation, as taking a daily supplement of mcg of selenium was found to increase the risk of developing prostate cancer in men with high baseline selenium levels prior to taking the supplements Overall, more research is needed on the safety and efficacy of selenium supplements, especially in populations with high baseline selenium levels and those already diagnosed with prostate cancer.
In addition to the ones listed above, many other ingredients commonly found in prostate supplements include:. Several ingredients commonly found in prostate supplements may help ease urinary tract symptoms associated with prostate issues, while others may be ineffective or possibly harmful. Overall, more research is needed.
Numerous prostate supplements on the market claim to help support prostate health. While some ingredients may relieve urinary tract symptoms that are associated with prostate issues, the research on their effectiveness is generally limited.
When purchasing supplements, always be sure to choose products from a reputable company. To ensure quality and accuracy, look for products that have been third-party certified by organizations like NSF International or United States Pharmacopeia USP. In particular, any signs of prostate cancer should be addressed with your doctor as soon as possible.
Issues with prostate health can negatively affect several aspects of your life. Here are the 7 best prostate health supplements. Pygeum is an herbal extract. Although it's primarily known for its potential effects on prostate health, it's benefits are wide-reaching.
Saw palmetto is a species of palm used to produce a supplement packed with health benefits. Older men with prostate cancer often die of other causes. Adenocarcinoma of the prostate is the most common type of prostate cancer. Adenocarcinoma starts in gland cells.
Gland cells in the prostate make mucus and prostatic fluid, which mix with sperm and other fluids to make semen. Most adenocarcinomas are found in the outer part of the prostate.
Adenocarcinoma usually develops in more than one area site of the prostate. When cancer is found in more than one area of an organ it is called multifocal cancer.
Each site in the prostate can have a different grade. The following cancerous tumours of the prostate are rare: urothelial carcinoma also called transitional cell carcinoma sarcoma small cell carcinoma carcinoid tumours squamous cell carcinoma.
Precancerous conditions of the prostate are changes to prostate cells that could make them more likely to develop into cancer. These conditions are not yet cancer. But if they aren't treated, there is a chance that these abnormal changes will become prostate cancer.
Some experts classify prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia PIN , proliferative inflammatory atrophy PIA and atypical small acinar proliferation ASAP as precancerous conditions, but most experts don't think they are linked to a higher chance of developing prostate cancer.
So those with PIN, PIA and ASAP aren't treated, and only those who have ASAP need follow-up. Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia PIN is an abnormal condition of the epithelial cells that line the glands of the prostate.
It can affect more than one area of the prostate called multifocal PIN. PIN is usually found by a biopsy to check for prostate cancer or during a transurethral resection of the prostate TURP.
PIN can be classified as low grade or high grade. Many men with PIN will never develop prostate cancer but if high-grade PIN is found, there is a greater chance of developing prostate cancer over time. Proliferative inflammatory atrophy PIA means that there are areas of inflammation in the prostate and the prostate cells look smaller than normal.
PIA is not cancerous. Some research suggests a link between PIA and high-grade PIN or prostate cancer and some research does not. Atypical small acinar proliferation ASAP is an abnormal growth of gland cells in the prostate.
Some men with ASAP may have prostate cancer, so doctors may recommend doing a follow-up biopsy in 6 months. If the repeat biopsy also shows ASAP, doctors may recommend treatment. A non-cancerous benign condition of the prostate is a change to prostate cells, but it is not cancer.
Non-cancerous conditions do not spread metastasize to other parts of the body and are not usually life-threatening. The information that the Canadian Cancer Society provides does not replace your relationship with your doctor. The information is for your general use, so be sure to talk to a qualified healthcare professional before making medical decisions or if you have questions about your health.
We do our best to make sure that the information we provide is accurate and reliable but cannot guarantee that it is error-free or complete.
The Canadian Cancer Society is not responsible for the quality of the information or services provided by other organizations and mentioned on cancer.
ca, nor do we endorse any service, product, treatment or therapy. Home Cancer information Cancer types Prostate What is prostate cancer Print. What is prostate cancer? Last medical review: February See topics Prostate cancer What is prostate cancer Risks Finding cancer early Signs and symptoms Diagnosis Grading Staging If cancer spreads Prognosis and survival Treatment Supportive care Statistics.
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Whether you're looking for answers about your own health or that of Antioxidant protection against diseases you love, we're here to provide you with the best information available.
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Heqlth starters, there's hfalth DRE, the digital rectal exam. Just like the name suggests, the doctor heaalth their finger and your rectum to feel the prostate to detect any abnormalities. You Prosatte also get a blood test to look for prostate-specific antigen, or PSA.
It Promotes a healthy digestive tract recommended that you have this as well as the physical exam. And if there are any abnormalities, there are additional tests that can be used.
If prostate cancer is detected, the next step is figuring out how fast it grows. Fortunately, prostate cancer often doesn't grow very fast. Prostate cancer is graded by a Gleason score, which measures how abnormal or different from normal cells are. There are also other tests to see if the cancer has spread: bone scan, CT scan, MRI, and even specific PET scans.
Your doctor will be able to determine which, if any, is appropriate for you. Treatments are most effective when the cancer is caught early. In fact, immediate treatment isn't always necessary.
Keeping an eye on the cancer until it grows bigger is sometimes enough. When cancer is localized only to the prostate, surgery to remove the prostate, or a radical prostatectomy, could be your best option.
Radiation is another possibility. With external beam radiation, high-energy beams that deliver photons, target and kill the abnormal cells of the prostate from outside your body.
Another treatment is chemotherapy, which uses powerful chemicals, destroy the cancer cells. Cryotherapy, which freezes the cancer cells, or heat, can be used to kill the cancer cells with high-intensity focused ultrasound. Consider that prostate cancer uses male hormone or testosterone as an important factor for growth.
In some prostate cancers, it may be beneficial to block that hormone with androgen deprivation therapy, or ADT, which can slow the cancer or even put it in remission.
It is generally not curative and usually the cancer will find a way to grow even with the lack of testosterone. Sometimes ADT is used in combination to enhance the treatment success of other therapies, such as with radiation.
All of these treatments have side effects of various degrees and have different success rates of treating prostate cancer. It's important that you have a candid discussion with your family and your care team and weigh all that information to make the best choice for you.
Support groups for cancer survivors can be helpful in dealing with the stress of the diagnosis and treatments. As we've seen here, research and scientific advancement has provided us with a host of options for this extremely treatable form of cancer.
And with early detection, your chances are even better. While it may not be a thing people want to think about, it's an important part of your health and an expert medical care team can guide you to the solutions that are most tailored for you, your wishes and your body. If you'd like to learn even more about prostate cancer, watch our other related videos or visit mayoclinic.
We wish you well. Prostate cancer occurs in the prostate gland. The gland sits just below the bladder in males. It surrounds the top part of the tube that drains urine from the bladder, called the urethra.
This illustration shows a healthy prostate gland and a prostate gland with cancer. Prostate cancer is cancer that occurs in the prostate. The prostate is a small walnut-shaped gland in males that produces the seminal fluid that nourishes and transports sperm.
Prostate cancer is one of the most common types of cancer. Many prostate cancers grow slowly and are confined to the prostate gland, where they may not cause serious harm. However, while some types of prostate cancer grow slowly and may need minimal or even no treatment, other types are aggressive and can spread quickly.
Prostate cancer that's detected early — when it's still confined to the prostate gland — has the best chance for successful treatment. Make an appointment with your doctor if you have any persistent signs or symptoms that worry you.
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You may opt-out of email communications at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in the e-mail. You'll soon start receiving the latest Mayo Clinic health information you requested in your inbox. The prostate gland is located just below the bladder in men and surrounds the top portion of the tube that drains urine from the bladder urethra.
The prostate's primary function is to produce the fluid that nourishes and transports sperm seminal fluid. Doctors know that prostate cancer begins when cells in the prostate develop changes in their DNA.
A cell's DNA contains the instructions that tell a cell what to do. The changes tell the cells to grow and divide more rapidly than normal cells do. The abnormal cells continue living, when other cells would die. The accumulating abnormal cells form a tumor that can grow to invade nearby tissue.
In time, some abnormal cells can break away and spread metastasize to other parts of the body. Choose a healthy diet full of fruits and vegetables.
Eat a variety of fruits, vegetables and whole grains. Fruits and vegetables contain many vitamins and nutrients that can contribute to your health.
Whether you can prevent prostate cancer through diet has yet to be conclusively proved. But eating a healthy diet with a variety of fruits and vegetables can improve your overall health.
Talk to your doctor about increased risk of prostate cancer. If you have a very high risk of prostate cancer, you and your doctor may consider medications or other treatments to reduce the risk. Some studies suggest that taking 5-alpha reductase inhibitors, including finasteride Propecia, Proscar and dutasteride Avodartmay reduce the overall risk of developing prostate cancer.
: Prostate health| What is Prostate Cancer? | Hewlth healthy diet and Nutrition for youth athletes helps your body's overall well-being and Nutrition for youth athletes lower hralth chances of getting prostate cancer. Prostate cancer occurs in the prostate gland. More information about contacting us or receiving help with the Cancer. Sign Up For Email. Genetics of Prostate Cancer. |
| Prostate Health and Supplements: Know the Facts | The main Prostatee effects from this heapth are erectile dysfunction ED and urinary incontinence loss of urine control. These health care professionals include:. Autophagy and autophagy enhancers is Prostate Herbal pre-workout supplement Ask your doctor about the effect of different radiation approaches on your erectile function. Physical exercise may help you to: Reduce anxiety Improve energy Improve self-esteem Feel more hopeful Improve heart health Reach a healthy weight Boost muscle strength Maintain bone health Pelvic floor exercise may help men being treated for prostate cancer. Refer a Patient. |
| Risks for prostate cancer | Canadian Cancer Society | So those with PIN, PIA and ASAP aren't treated, and only those who have ASAP need follow-up. Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia PIN is an abnormal condition of the epithelial cells that line the glands of the prostate. It can affect more than one area of the prostate called multifocal PIN. PIN is usually found by a biopsy to check for prostate cancer or during a transurethral resection of the prostate TURP. PIN can be classified as low grade or high grade. Many men with PIN will never develop prostate cancer but if high-grade PIN is found, there is a greater chance of developing prostate cancer over time. Proliferative inflammatory atrophy PIA means that there are areas of inflammation in the prostate and the prostate cells look smaller than normal. PIA is not cancerous. Some research suggests a link between PIA and high-grade PIN or prostate cancer and some research does not. Atypical small acinar proliferation ASAP is an abnormal growth of gland cells in the prostate. Some men with ASAP may have prostate cancer, so doctors may recommend doing a follow-up biopsy in 6 months. If the repeat biopsy also shows ASAP, doctors may recommend treatment. A non-cancerous benign condition of the prostate is a change to prostate cells, but it is not cancer. Non-cancerous conditions do not spread metastasize to other parts of the body and are not usually life-threatening. The information that the Canadian Cancer Society provides does not replace your relationship with your doctor. The information is for your general use, so be sure to talk to a qualified healthcare professional before making medical decisions or if you have questions about your health. We do our best to make sure that the information we provide is accurate and reliable but cannot guarantee that it is error-free or complete. The Canadian Cancer Society is not responsible for the quality of the information or services provided by other organizations and mentioned on cancer. ca, nor do we endorse any service, product, treatment or therapy. Home Cancer information Cancer types Prostate What is prostate cancer Print. What is prostate cancer? Last medical review: February See topics Prostate cancer What is prostate cancer Risks Finding cancer early Signs and symptoms Diagnosis Grading Staging If cancer spreads Prognosis and survival Treatment Supportive care Statistics. Prostate cancer What is prostate cancer Risks Finding cancer early Signs and symptoms Diagnosis Grading Staging If cancer spreads Prognosis and survival Treatment Supportive care Statistics. Diagram of the location of the prostate. Rare cancerous tumours of the prostate. Possible precancerous conditions of the prostate. Non-cancerous conditions of the prostate. The most common non-cancerous conditions of the prostate are: prostatitis benign prostatic hyperplasia BPH. Expert review Peter Chung, MBChB, FRCPC. References American Cancer Society. Treating Prostate Cancer. American Society of Clinical Oncology. Prostate Cancer. Tracy, CR. PDQ® Adult Treatment Editorial Board. And although relatively few studies have directly assessed the impact of exercise on prostate health, those that have been done have concluded, for the most part, that exercise is beneficial. For example:. Get more information and the latest news about prostate health at www. As a service to our readers, Harvard Health Publishing provides access to our library of archived content. Please note the date of last review or update on all articles. No content on this site, regardless of date, should ever be used as a substitute for direct medical advice from your doctor or other qualified clinician. Thanks for visiting. Don't miss your FREE gift. The Best Diets for Cognitive Fitness , is yours absolutely FREE when you sign up to receive Health Alerts from Harvard Medical School. Sign up to get tips for living a healthy lifestyle, with ways to fight inflammation and improve cognitive health , plus the latest advances in preventative medicine, diet and exercise , pain relief, blood pressure and cholesterol management, and more. Get helpful tips and guidance for everything from fighting inflammation to finding the best diets for weight loss from exercises to build a stronger core to advice on treating cataracts. PLUS, the latest news on medical advances and breakthroughs from Harvard Medical School experts. Sign up now and get a FREE copy of the Best Diets for Cognitive Fitness. Stay on top of latest health news from Harvard Medical School. Recent Blog Articles. Flowers, chocolates, organ donation — are you in? What is a tongue-tie? What parents need to know. Which migraine medications are most helpful? How well do you score on brain health? Shining light on night blindness. Can watching sports be bad for your health? Beyond the usual suspects for healthy resolutions. January 29, "What can I eat to reduce my risk of developing prostate cancer? Aim for a healthy eating pattern Instead of focusing on specific foods, dietitians, physicians, and researchers tout an overall pattern of healthy eating — and healthy eating is easier than you might think. In a nutshell, here's what experts recommend: Eat at least five servings of fruits and vegetables every day. Go for those with deep, bright color. Choose whole-grain bread instead of white bread and choose whole-grain pasta and cereals. Limit your consumption of red meat, including beef, pork, lamb, and goat, and processed meats, such as bologna and hot dogs. Fish, skinless poultry, beans, and eggs are healthier sources of protein. Choose healthful fats, such as olive oil, nuts almonds, walnuts, pecans , and avocados. Limit saturated fats from dairy and other animal products. Avoid partially hydrogenated fats trans fats , which are in many fast foods and packaged foods. Avoid sugar-sweetened drinks, such as sodas and many fruit juices. Eat sweets as an occasional treat. Cut down on salt. |
| Prostate Cancer Treatment (PDQ®)–Patient Version | The surgeon uses the robotic arms to do the surgery while sitting at a computer monitor near the operating table. The PSA blood test measures a protein in your blood called the prostate-specific antigen PSA. Robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy : Several small cuts are made in the wall of the abdomen, as in regular laparoscopic prostatectomy. A Gleason score of 6 is a low-grade cancer; a score of 7 is a medium-grade cancer; and a score of 8, 9, or 10 is a high-grade cancer. Diagram of Low Dose Rate LDR Brachytherapy Enlarge. The lower the number, the more cancer cells look like normal cells and are likely to grow and spread slowly. If we combine this information with your protected health information, we will treat all of that information as protected health information and will only use or disclose that information as set forth in our notice of privacy practices. |
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